Decarbonizing all-electric communities via carbon-responsive control of behind-the-meter resources

Journal Article · Sat Apr 22 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Advances in Applied Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100139· OSTI ID:1973778

Wang, Jing ^[1]; El Kontar, Rawad ^[1]; Jin, Xin ^[1]; King, Jennifer ^[1]

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1. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

The progression of electrification in the building and transportation sectors brings new opportunities for energy decarbonization. With higher dependence on the grid power supply, the variation of the grid carbon emission intensity can be utilized to reduce the carbon emissions from the two sectors. Existing coordinated control methods for buildings with distributed energy resources (DERs) either consider electricity price or renewable energy generation as the input signal, or adopt optimization in the decision-making, which is difficult to implement in the real-world environment. This paper aims to propose and validate an easy-to-deploy rule-based carbon responsive control framework that facilitates coordination between all-electric buildings and electric vehicles (EVs). The signals of the grid carbon emission intensity and the local photovoltaics (PV) generation are used for shifting the controllable loads. Extensive simulations were conducted using a model of an all-electric mixed-use community in a cold climate to validate the control performance with metrics such as emissions, energy consumption, peak demand, and EV end-of-day state-of-charge (SOC). Our study identifies that 4.5% to 27.1% of annual emission reduction can be achieved with limited impact on energy costs, peak demand, and thermal comfort. Additionally, up to 32.7% of EV emission reduction can be obtained if the EV owners reduce the target SOC by less than 21.2%.

• Research Organization: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program
• Grant/Contract Number: AC36-08GO28308
• OSTI ID: 1973778
• Alternate ID(s): OSTI ID: 1983891
• Report Number(s): NREL/JA-5500-83548; NREL/JA-5500-86278; MainId:87051; UUID:dd9bb8cb-f385-4d75-a81e-e403001a231f; MainAdminID:69514
• Journal Information: Advances in Applied Energy, Journal Name: Advances in Applied Energy Vol. 10; ISSN 2666-7924
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
EV charging control
HVAC
HVAC control
all-electric community
carbon responsive control
control
decarbonization
electric vehicle charging
electrification