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Influence of Spatial Dipole Pattern in Asian Aerosol Changes on East Asian Summer Monsoon

Journal Article · · Journal of Climate
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  1. Nanjing Univ. of Information Science and Technology (China)
  2. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Atmospheric Science and Global Change Div. (ASGC)
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Since China implemented the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan in 2013, the aerosol emissions in East Asia have been greatly reduced, while emissions in South Asia have continued to increase. This has led to a dipole pattern of aerosol emissions between South Asia and East Asia. We report the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) responses to the dipole changes in aerosol emissions during 2013–17 are investigated using the atmosphere model of Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2). We show that decreases in East Asian emissions alone lead to a positive aerosol effective radiative forcing (ERF) of 1.59 (±0.97) W m-2 over central-eastern China (25°–40°N, 105°–122.5°E), along with a 0.09 (±0.07)°C warming in summer during 2013–17. The warming intensified the land–sea thermal contrast and increased the rainfall by 0.32 (±0.16) mm day-1. When considering both the emission reductions in East Asia and increases in South Asia, the ERF is increased to 3.39 (±0.89) W m-2, along with an enhanced warming of 0.20 (±0.08)°C over central-eastern China, while the rainfall insignificant decreased by 0.07 (±0.16) mm day-1. It is due to the westward shift of the strengthened western Pacific subtropical high, linked to the increase in black carbon in South Asia. Based on multiple EASM indices, the reductions in aerosol emissions from East Asia alone increased the EASM strength by almost 5%. Considering the effect of the westward shift of WPSH, the dipole changes in emissions together increased the EASM by 5%–15% during 2013–17, revealing an important role of South Asian aerosols in changing the East Asian climate.
Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
Jiangsu Science Fund for Carbon Neutrality; Jiangsu Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars; National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
1971092
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-173018
Journal Information:
Journal of Climate, Journal Name: Journal of Climate Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 36; ISSN 0894-8755
Publisher:
American Meteorological SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Figures / Tables (9)

Figure 1(p. 8)figure Figure 1
Figure 2(p. 9)figure Figure 2
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Figure 4(p. 11)figure Figure 4
Table 1(p. 12)table Table 1
Figure 5(p. 13)figure Figure 5
Figure 6(p. 14)figure Figure 6
Figure 7(p. 15)figure Figure 7
Figure 8(p. 16)figure Figure 8

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Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
aerosol radiative effect
aerosols/particulates
climate models
monsoons