Long-life LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/graphite lithium-ion cells with an artificial graphite-electrolyte interface

Zou, Feng; Nallan, Himamshu C.; Dolocan, Andrei; Xie, Qiang; Li, Jianyu; Coffey, Brennan M.; Ekerdt, John G.; Manthiram, Arumugam

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2021.09.033

Title: Long-life LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄/graphite lithium-ion cells with an artificial graphite-electrolyte interface

Journal Article · Tue Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Energy Storage Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2021.09.033· OSTI ID:1969456

Zou, Feng ^[1]; Nallan, Himamshu C. ^[1]; Dolocan, Andrei ^[1]; Xie, Qiang ^[1]; Li, Jianyu ^[1]; Coffey, Brennan M. ^[1]; Ekerdt, John G. ^[1]; Manthiram, Arumugam ^[1]

Univ. of Texas at Austin, TX (United States)

The high operating voltage of a spinel LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ (LNMO) cathode leads to electrolyte decomposition and accelerated deterioration of the electrode/electrolyte interface in lithium-ion cells. Aggressive side reactions prevent long-term cycling and hinder its practical application. Advanced characterization shows that the high-voltage operation makes the graphite anode react with the electrolyte, particularly with the lithium salt in the electrolyte, resulting in massive active lithium inventory loss and capacity fade. The side reactions at the graphite are identified as the main culprit for the LNMO/graphite full cell decay. Here, we demonstrate that an artificial solid-electrolyte interface layer consisting of an ultra-thin Al₂O₃ film, generated via atomic layer deposition (ALD) at the graphite surface, can successfully isolate the graphite from the electrolyte and inhibit the undesired reactions. Consequently, the capacity and cycling stability of the LNMO/graphite cell are drastically improved. After 300 cycles, the capacity retention of LNMO/graphite cell increases from 57.7% to 98.6% with the ALD-coated graphite. Furthermore, our findings provide valuable insights into the LNMO/graphite cell degradation and suggest a simple and robust, yet highly effective, approach for the practical viability of high-voltage lithium-ion batteries.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Texas at Austin, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0008442

OSTI ID:: 1969456

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1825204

Journal Information:: Energy Storage Materials, Vol. 43; ISSN 2405-8297

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Long-life LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/graphite lithium-ion cells with an artificial graphite-electrolyte interface

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Title: Long-life LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄/graphite lithium-ion cells with an artificial graphite-electrolyte interface