Structural water in amorphous carbonate minerals: ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of X-ray pair distribution experiments

Prange, Micah P.; Mergelsberg, Sebastian T.; Kerisit, Sebastien N.

doi:10.1039/d2cp04881g

Title: Structural water in amorphous carbonate minerals: ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of X-ray pair distribution experiments

Journal Article · Wed Feb 15 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. PCCP

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/d2cp04881g· OSTI ID:1968451

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Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Water is known to play a controlling role in directing mineralization pathways and stabilizing metastable amorphous intermediates in hydrous carbonate mineral MCO₃·nH₂O systems, where M²⁺ is a divalent metal cation. Despite this recognition, the nature of the controls on crystallization is poorly understood, largely owing to the difficulty in characterizing the dynamically disordered structures of amorphous intermediates at the atomic scale. Here, we present a series of atomistic models, derived from ab initio molecular dynamics simulation, across a range of experimentally relevant cations (M = Ca, Mg, Sr) and hydration levels (0 ≤ n ≤ 2). Theoretical simulations of the dependence of the X-ray pair distribution function on the hydration level n show good agreement with available experimental data and thus provide further evidence for a lack of significant nanoscale structure in amorphous carbonates. Upon dehydration, the metal coordination number does not change significantly, but the relative extent of water dissociation increases, indicating that a thermodynamic driving force exists for water dissociation to accompany dehydration. Mg strongly favors monodentate conformation of carbonate ligands and shows a marked preference to exchange monodentate carbonate O for water O upon hydration, whereas Ca and Sr exchange mono- and bidentate carbonate ligands with comparable frequency. Finally, water forms an extensive hydrogen bond network among both water and carbonate groups that exhibits frequent proton transfers for all three cations considered suggesting that proton mobility is likely predominantly due to water dissociation and proton transfer reactions rather than molecular water diffusion.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; AC0206CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1968451

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1924813

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-178995

Journal Information:: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. PCCP, Vol. 25, Issue 9; ISSN 1463-9076

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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ab initio molecular dynamics
calcium carbonate
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Title: Structural water in amorphous carbonate minerals: ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of X-ray pair distribution experiments

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