Comparative genomics reveals a dynamic genome evolution in the ectomycorrhizal milk-cap (Lactarius) mushrooms

Lebreton, Annie; Tang, Nianwu; Kuo, Alan; LaButti, Kurt; Andreopoulos, William; Drula, Elodie; Miyauchi, Shingo; Barry, Kerrie; Clum, Alicia; Lipzen, Anna; Mousain, Daniel; Ng, Vivian; Wang, Ran; Dai, Yucheng; Henrissat, Bernard; Grigoriev, Igor V.; Guerin-Laguette, Alexis; Yu, Fuqiang; Martin, Francis M.

doi:10.1111/nph.18143

Comparative genomics reveals a dynamic genome evolution in the ectomycorrhizal milk-cap (Lactarius) mushrooms

Journal Article · Tue Apr 05 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · New Phytologist

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18143· OSTI ID:1961160

Lebreton, Annie ^[1]; Tang, Nianwu ^[2]; Kuo, Alan ^[3]; LaButti, Kurt ^[3]; Andreopoulos, William ^[3]; Drula, Elodie ^[4]; Miyauchi, Shingo ^[5]; Barry, Kerrie ^[3]; Clum, Alicia ^[3]; Lipzen, Anna ^[3]; Mousain, Daniel ^[6]; Ng, Vivian ^[3]; Wang, Ran ^[7]; Dai, Yucheng ^[8]; Henrissat, Bernard ^[9]; Grigoriev, Igor V. ^[10]; Guerin-Laguette, Alexis ^[11]; Yu, Fuqiang ^[7]; Martin, Francis M. ^[1]

Beijing Forestry Univ. (China); French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Champenoux (France); Universite de Lorraine, Champenoux (France)
French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Champenoux (France); Universite de Lorraine, Champenoux (France); Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming (China)
USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Aix-Marseille Univ., Marseille (France)
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne (Germany)
French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Champenoux (France)
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming (China)
Beijing Forestry Univ. (China)
Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark)
USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Southern Woods Nursery, Christchurch (New Zealand)

Ectomycorrhizal fungi play a key role in forests by establishing mutualistic symbioses with woody plants. Genome analyses have identified conserved symbiosis-related traits among ectomycorrhizal fungal species, but the molecular mechanisms underlying host specificity remain poorly known. We sequenced and compared the genomes of seven species of milk-cap fungi (Lactarius, Russulales) with contrasting host specificity. We also compared these genomes with those of symbiotic and saprotrophic Russulales species, aiming to identify genes involved in their ecology and host specificity. The size of Lactarius genomes is significantly larger than other Russulales species, owing to a massive accumulation of transposable elements and duplication of dispensable genes. As expected, their repertoire of genes coding for plant cell wall-degrading enzymes is restricted, but they retained a substantial set of genes involved in microbial cell wall degradation. Notably, Lactarius species showed a striking expansion of genes encoding proteases, such as secreted ectomycorrhiza-induced sedolisins. A high copy number of genes coding for small secreted LysM proteins and Lactarius-specific lectins were detected, which may be linked to host specificity. This study revealed a large diversity in the genome landscapes and gene repertoires within Russulaceae. The known host specificity of Lactarius symbionts may be related to mycorrhiza-induced species-specific genes, including secreted sedolisins.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1961160

Journal Information:: New Phytologist, Journal Name: New Phytologist Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 235; ISSN 0028-646X

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Comparative genomics reveals a dynamic genome evolution in the ectomycorrhizal milk-cap (Lactarius) mushrooms

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