Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Influence of the irradiated pulmonary microenvironment on macrophage and T cell dynamics

Journal Article · · Radiotherapy and Oncology

The lung is sensitive to radiation, which increases the risk of normal tissue toxicity following radiation therapy. Adverse outcomes include pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis, which are thought to result from dysregulated intercellular communication within the pulmonary microenvironment. Macrophage accumulation in the lung following radiation exposure is implicated in these pathogenic outcomes. Here we investigate the role of the microenvironment in macrophage and T cell dynamics. Materials and methods C57Bl/6 mice received 6Gyx5 x-ray irradiation to the right lung. Macrophage and T cell dynamics were investigated in ipsilateral right lungs, contralateral left lungs and compared to those from non-irradiated control subjects at 4-26wk post exposure. Lungs were evaluated by flow cytometry, histology and proteomics. Results In uni-lung irradiated subjects, focal regions of macrophage accumulation were noted in both lungs by 8wk, however fibrotic lesions were observed only in ipsilateral lungs by 26wk. Both infiltrating and alveolar macrophages populations transiently expanded in both lungs, however a transitional CD11b+ alveolar macrophage population persisted only in ipsilateral lungs and expressed lower CD206. Concurrently, arginase-1+ macrophages were noted within areas of macrophage accumulation in ipsilateral but not contralateral lungs at 8 and 26wk post exposure, while CD206+ macrophages were absent from these accumulations. While CD8+ T cells were present in both lungs of irradiated subjects, T regulatory cells were only increased in ipsilateral lungs. Unbiased proteomics analysis of immune cells revealed a substantial number of differentially expressed proteins in ipsilateral lungs when compared to either contralateral or non-irradiated lungs, as well as between contralateral lungs from irradiated subjects and non-irradiated controls. Conclusions Pulmonary macrophage and T cell dynamics are impacted by the microenvironmental conditions that develop in the lung following radiation exposure, both locally and systemically. Our findings demonstrate that while macrophages and T cells infiltrate and expand in both lungs, they diverge phenotypically depending on their environment.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
1964167
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1960469
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-178170
Journal Information:
Radiotherapy and Oncology, Journal Name: Radiotherapy and Oncology Vol. 183; ISSN 0167-8140
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (60)

Identification of molecular signatures involved in radiation-induced lung fibrosis journal November 2018
Repetitive diacetyl vapor exposure promotes ubiquitin proteasome stress and precedes bronchiolitis obliterans pathology journal May 2021
The sequence of histological changes in mouse lungs after single doses of X-rays journal March 1980
A perpetual cascade of cytokines postirradiation leads to pulmonary fibrosis journal August 1995
Risk of Bacterial, Viral, and Fungal Infections in Patients With Solid Malignant Tumors Treated With Curative Intent Radiation Therapy journal November 2022
Alveolar Macrophages journal August 2018
Three-dimensional feature matching improves coverage for single-cell proteomics based on ion mobility filtering journal May 2022
Radiation-Induced Lung Injury journal July 2019
Compartmental responses after thoracic irradiation of mice: Strain differences journal July 2005
Regulatory T cells are a double-edged sword in pulmonary fibrosis journal July 2020
Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiation therapy journal June 2021
Prediction of radiation pneumonitis by dose–volume histogram parameters in lung cancer—a systematic review journal May 2004
Biology of Radiation-Induced Lung Injury journal April 2021
CD11b immunophenotyping identifies inflammatory profiles in the mouse and human lungs journal March 2016
Fibrotic disease and the TH1/TH2 paradigm journal August 2004
Alveolar macrophages: plasticity in a tissue-specific context journal January 2014
Safety of combining radiotherapy with immune-checkpoint inhibition journal June 2018
Immunomodulation by radiotherapy in tumour control and normal tissue toxicity journal July 2021
Marginal zone CD169 + macrophages coordinate apoptotic cell-driven cellular recruitment and tolerance journal March 2014
Macrophages in radiation injury: a new therapeutic target journal July 2018
Lung-resident tissue macrophages generate Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and promote airway tolerance journal April 2013
Monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages drive lung fibrosis and persist in the lung over the life span journal July 2017
Targeted and Off-Target (Bystander and Abscopal) Effects of Radiation Therapy: Redox Mechanisms and Risk/Benefit Analysis journal November 2018
A Preclinical Rodent Model of Radiation-induced Lung Injury for Medical Countermeasure Screening in Accordance With the FDA Animal Rule journal October 2012
Tissue‐resident innate immunity in the lung journal November 2019
Stromal–immune cell crosstalk fundamentally alters the lung microenvironment following tissue insult journal March 2021
MPLEx: a Robust and Universal Protocol for Single-Sample Integrative Proteomic, Metabolomic, and Lipidomic Analyses journal May 2016
Time-resolved proteome profiling of normal lung development journal July 2018
Lung environment determines unique phenotype of alveolar macrophages journal June 2009
Indirect Macrophage Responses to Ionizing Radiation: Implications for Genotype-Dependent Bystander Signaling journal January 2008
Arginase 1–Based Immune Modulatory Vaccines Induce Anticancer Immunity and Synergize with Anti–PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade journal September 2021
Macrophage-Derived Legumain Promotes Pulmonary Hypertension by Activating the MMP (Matrix Metalloproteinase)-2/TGF (Transforming Growth Factor)-β1 Signaling journal April 2019
Chemokine Receptor 2–targeted Molecular Imaging in Pulmonary Fibrosis. A Clinical Trial journal January 2021
The Chemokine, CCL3, and Its Receptor, CCR1, Mediate Thoracic Radiation–Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis journal July 2011
A spatially restricted fibrotic niche in pulmonary fibrosis is sustained by M-CSF/M-CSFR signalling in monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages journal October 2019
CSF1R inhibition prevents radiation pulmonary fibrosis by depletion of interstitial macrophages journal March 2018
The Development of Classically and Alternatively Activated Macrophages Has Different Effects on The Varied Stages of Radiation-induced Pulmonary Injury in Mice journal January 2011
Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis: Examination of Chemokine and Chemokine Receptor Families journal March 2002
Examining the Effects of External or Internal Radiation Exposure of Juvenile Mice on Late Morbidity after Infection with Influenza A journal July 2015
Whole-Lung Irradiation Results in Pulmonary Macrophage Alterations that are Subpopulation and Strain Specific journal December 2015
Role of Infiltrating Monocytes in the Development of Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis journal January 2018
A Potential Biomarker for Predicting the Risk of Radiation-Induced Fibrosis in the Lung journal August 2018
Links between Innate Immunity and Normal Tissue Radiobiology journal April 2010
Exacerbation of Lung Radiation Injury by Viral Infection: The Role of Clara Cells and Clara Cell Secretory Protein journal June 2013
Analysis of immune-related genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on bioinformatics and experimental verification journal November 2021
A narrative review of toxicity of chemoradiation and immunotherapy for unresectable, locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer journal October 2020
A Quantitative Histological Study of Strain-Dependent Differences in the Effects of Irradiation on Mouse Lung during the Intermediate and Late Phases journal July 1989
Differences in Correlation of mRNA Gene Expression in Mice Sensitive and Resistant to Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis journal May 1995
Niches for the Long-Term Maintenance of Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells journal May 2018
T Cells in Fibrosis and Fibrotic Diseases journal June 2020
Regulatory T Cells: An Emerging Player in Radiation-Induced Lung Injury journal August 2020
Radiation-Induced Lung Injury (RILI) journal September 2019
Macrophages in Lung Injury, Repair, and Fibrosis journal February 2021
Alveolar Macrophages: Adaptation to Their Anatomic Niche during and after Inflammation journal October 2021
Distinct Properties of Human M-CSF and GM-CSF Monocyte-Derived Macrophages to Simulate Pathological Lung Conditions In Vitro: Application to Systemic and Inflammatory Disorders with Pulmonary Involvement journal March 2018
Combining Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: Can We Expect Limitations Due to Altered Normal Tissue Toxicity? journal December 2018
Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Reboots the Immune Response Assisted by Immunotherapy in Metastatic Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review journal May 2019
MMP-12, Secreted by Pro-Inflammatory Macrophages, Targets Endoglin in Human Macrophages and Endothelial Cells journal June 2019
Distinct Macrophage Subpopulations Characterize Acute Infection and Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease journal July 2012
Mechanisms of the alternative activation of macrophages and non-coding RNAs in the development of radiation-induced lung fibrosis journal January 2016

Similar Records

Unilateral radiation pneumonitis in sheep: Physiological changes and bronchoalveolar lavage
Journal Article · Tue Feb 28 23:00:00 EST 1989 · Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Maryland); (USA) · OSTI ID:5513112

Morphologic changes reflecting early and late effects of irradiation of the distal lung of the mouse: a review
Journal Article · Thu Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1981 · Scanning Electron Microsc.; (United States) · OSTI ID:5853046

4DCT-based measurement of changes in pulmonary function following a course of radiation therapy
Journal Article · Mon Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · Medical Physics · OSTI ID:22096649