Inverse Method for Noninvasive Material Discrimination with Multienergy X-Ray Radiography

Gilbert, Andrew J.; McDonald, Benjamin S.; Deinert, Mark R.

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.18.054043

Inverse Method for Noninvasive Material Discrimination with Multienergy X-Ray Radiography

Journal Article · Tue Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Physical Review Applied

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.18.054043· OSTI ID:1958834

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Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)

Active x-ray inspections have great potential for noninvasive detection of illicit materials. Dual-energy x-ray radiography, in particular, has been used to determine material composition by utilizing the energy-dependence of the x-ray attenuation coefficients. However, current implementations of this method are limited in their ability to determine the material composition of composite objects. Here, in this paper, we present an inverse algorithm that uses multienergy x-ray radiography data to noninvasively reconstruct the contents of a container. A critical feature of the current contribution is that material identification can be performed using conventional detectors and x-ray spectra with different endpoint energies produced by varying nothing more than the tube voltage. Adaptive regularization is used to increase the accuracy of material estimations from multienergy data sets. The utility of these methods is demonstrated with experimentally acquired radiographs obtained using a tunable x-ray source that produces spectra with endpoint energies of 100–450 keV. The object inspected is a scale model of a nuclear materials storage container composed of three-dimensional printed plastic and stainless-steel spheres inside a thin-walled steel container. Reconstructions of the steel sphere thicknesses are within a root-mean-square error of 0.37 cm.

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1958834

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-122112

Journal Information:: Physical Review Applied, Journal Name: Physical Review Applied Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 18; ISSN 2331-7019

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION
X-ray radiography
imaging & optical processing
inverse problems
material discrimination
neutron physics
radiation monitoring & safety
radioactive waste
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security applications of accelerators
x-ray imaging

Inverse Method for Noninvasive Material Discrimination with Multienergy X-Ray Radiography

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