A new step forward in realistic cluster lens mass modelling: analysis of Hubble Frontier Field Cluster Abell S1063 from joint lensing, X-ray, and galaxy kinematics data

Journal Article · Thu Nov 09 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Mon.Not.Roy.Astron.Soc.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad3308· OSTI ID:1958494

Beauchesne, Benjamin ^[1]; Clément, Benjamin ^[2]; Hibon, Pascale ^[3]; Limousin, Marceau ^[4]; Eckert, Dominique ^[5]; Kneib, Jean-Paul ^[6]; Richard, Johan ^[5]; Natarajan, Priyamvada ^[7]; Jauzac, Mathilde ^[8]; Montes, Mireia ^[9]; Mahler, Guillaume ^[10]; Claeyssens, Adélaïde ^[11]; Jeanneau, Alexandre ^[12]; Koekemoer, Anton M. ^[13]; Lagattuta, David ^[10]; Pagul, Amanda ^[14]; Sánchez, Javier ^[15]

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1. LASTRO Observ.; European Southern Obs., Chile
2. LASTRO Observ.
3. European Southern Obs., Chile
4. Marseille, Lab. Astrophys.
5. U. Geneva (main)
6. LASTRO Observ.; Marseille, Lab. Astrophys.
7. Yale U.
8. Durham U.; Durham U., ICC; KwaZulu Natal U.
9. IAC, La Laguna; Laguna U., Tenerife
10. Durham U.; Durham U., ICC
11. Stockholm U., OKC
12. Lyon Observ.
13. Baltimore, Space Telescope Sci.
14. Baltimore, Space Telescope Sci.; UC, Riverside
15. Baltimore, Space Telescope Sci.; Fermilab

We present a new method to simultaneously and self-consistently model the mass distribution of galaxy clusters that combines constraints from strong lensing features, X-ray emission, and galaxy kinematics measurements. We are able to successfully decompose clusters into their collisionless and collisional mass components thanks to the X-ray surface brightness, as well as use the dynamics of cluster members, to obtain more accurate masses exploiting the fundamental plane of elliptical galaxies. Knowledge from all observables is included through a consistent Bayesian approach in the likelihood or in physically motivated priors. We apply this method to the galaxy cluster Abell S1063 and produce a mass model that we publicly release with this paper. The resulting mass distribution presents different ellipticities for the intra-cluster gas and the other large-scale mass components as well as deviation from elliptical symmetry in the main halo. We assess the ability of our method to recover the masses of the different elements of the cluster using a mock cluster based on a simplified version of our Abell S1063 model. Thanks to the wealth of mutliwavelength information provided by the mass model and the detected X-ray emission, we also found evidence for an ongoing merger event with gas sloshing from a smaller infalling structure into the main cluster. In agreement with previous findings, the total mass, gas profile, and gas mass fraction are all consistent with small deviations from the hydrostatic equilibrium. This new mass model for Abell S1063 is publicly available, as the lenstool extension used to construct it.

• Research Organization: Baltimore, Space Telescope Sci.; Durham U.; Durham U., ICC; European Southern Obs., Chile; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); IAC, La Laguna; KwaZulu Natal U.; LASTRO Observ.; Laguna U., Tenerife; Lyon Observ.; Marseille, Lab. Astrophys.; Stockholm U., OKC; U. Geneva (main); UC, Riverside; Yale U.
• Sponsoring Organization: US Department of Energy
• Grant/Contract Number: 89243024CSC000002; AC02-07CH11359
• OSTI ID: 1958494
• Report Number(s): FERMILAB-PUB-23-047-V; oai:inspirehep.net:2626775; arXiv:2301.10907
• Journal Information: Mon.Not.Roy.Astron.Soc., Journal Name: Mon.Not.Roy.Astron.Soc. Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 527
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
gravitational lensing: strong
galaxies: clusters: general
galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell S1063
X-rays: galaxies: clusters