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Study of cosmogenic activation above ground for the DarkSide-20k experiment

Journal Article · · Astropart.Phys.
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  1. UC, Davis
  2. INFN, Aquila; Rome U., Tor Vergata
  3. Warsaw, Copernicus Astron. Ctr.
  4. Messina U.; INFN, Catania; Catania U.
  5. Sao Paulo U.
  6. PNL, Richland
  7. Wisconsin U., River Falls
  8. TRIUMF
  9. Cagliari U.; INFN, Cagliari
  10. Lomonosov Inst. Fine Chem. Tech.
  11. INFN, Legnaro
  12. Royal Holloway, U. of London
  13. Madrid, CIEMAT
  14. Marseille, CPPM
  15. INFN, Naples
  16. INFN, Pisa; Pisa U.
  17. INFN, Rome
  18. INFN, Genoa; Genoa U.; Princeton U.
  19. Carleton U.
  20. INFN, Genoa
  21. INFN, Genoa; Genoa U.
  22. Gran Sasso
  23. Naples U.; INFN, Naples
  24. Zaragoza U.
  25. SINP, Moscow
  26. Purdue U.; Bologna U.; INFN, Bologna
  27. INFN, Milan
  28. SNOLAB, Lively; Laurentian U.
  29. L'Aquila U.; Gran Sasso
  30. Jagiellonian U.
  31. INFN, Turin
  32. INFN, Rome; Rome U.
  33. INFN, Naples; Salerno U.; INFN, Salerno
  34. St. Petersburg, INP
  35. Queen's U., Kingston
  36. Kurchatov Inst., Moscow
  37. Lancaster U.; Royal Holloway, U. of London
  38. APC, Paris
  39. Princeton U.; Gran Sasso; INFN, Aquila; Rome U., Tor Vergata
  40. Princeton U.
  41. Enrico Fermi Ctr., Rome; INFN, Bologna; Purdue U.; Bologna U.
  42. Zurich, ETH
  43. Paris U., VI-VII
  44. Williams Coll.
  45. Hawaii U.
  46. Fond. Bruno Kessler, Trento; Trento U.
  47. Kurchatov Inst., Moscow; Moscow Phys. Eng. Inst.
  48. SINP, Moscow; Dubna, JINR
  49. Beijing, Inst. High Energy Phys.
  50. INFN, Bologna
  51. Split Tech. U.; INFN, Catania
  52. Alberta U.
  53. U. Edinburgh; Royal Holloway, U. of London
  54. INFN, Aquila; L'Aquila U.; Gran Sasso
  55. Princeton U.; Gran Sasso
  56. INFN, Aquila; Rome U., Tor Vergata; Gran Sasso
  57. Fermilab
  58. Belgorod State U.
  59. INFN, Pisa
  60. Dubna, JINR
  61. Birmingham U.
  62. Rome III U.; INFN, Rome3
  63. Virginia Tech.
  64. Zaragoza U.; ARAID, Zaragoza
  65. Temple U.
  66. Liverpool U.
  67. Coventry U.
  68. Lancaster U.
  69. Novosibirsk, IYF; Novosibirsk State U.
  70. INFN, Catania
  71. Rome U.; INFN, Rome
  72. Massachusetts U., Amherst
  73. Manchester U.
  74. INFN, Milan; Milan U.
  75. Houston U.
  76. INFN, Bologna; Purdue U.; Bologna U.
  77. INFN, Salerno; Salerno U.; INFN, Naples
  78. Paris U., VI-VII; APC, Paris
  79. Naples U.; INFN, Naples; Kurchatov Inst., Moscow
  80. U. Edinburgh
  81. Polytech. Turin
  82. UCLA
  83. Warsaw, Copernicus Astron. Ctr.; Cagliari U.
  84. Beijing, Inst. High Energy Phys.; Beijing, GUCAS
  85. UC, Riverside
  86. Lewis - Clark Coll.
+ Show Author Affiliations
The activation of materials due to exposure to cosmic rays may become an important background source for experiments investigating rare event phenomena. DarkSide-20k, currently under construction at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, is a direct detection experiment for galactic dark matter particles, using a two-phase liquid-argon Time Projection Chamber (TPC) filled with 49.7 tonnes (active mass) of Underground Argon (UAr) depleted in 39Ar. Despite the outstanding capability of discriminating γ / β background in argon TPCs, this background must be considered because of induced dead time or accidental coincidences mimicking dark-matter signals and it is relevant for low-threshold electron-counting measurements. Here, the cosmogenic activity of relevant long-lived radioisotopes induced in the experiment has been estimated to set requirements and procedures during preparation of the experiment and to check that it is not dominant over primordial radioactivity; particular attention has been paid to the activation of the 120 t of UAr used in DarkSide-20k. Expected exposures above ground and production rates, either measured or calculated, have been considered in detail. From the simulated counting rates in the detector due to cosmogenic isotopes, it is concluded that activation in copper and stainless steel is not problematic. The activity of 39Ar induced during extraction, purification and transport on surface is evaluated to be 2.8% of the activity measured in UAr by DarkSide-50 experiment, which used the same underground source, and thus considered acceptable. Other isotopes in the UAr such as 37Ar and 3H are shown not to be relevant due to short half-life and assumed purification methods.
Research Organization:
APC, Paris; ARAID, Zaragoza; Alberta U.; Beijing, GUCAS; Beijing, Inst. High Energy Phys.; Belgorod State U.; Birmingham U.; Bologna U.; Cagliari U.; Carleton U.; Catania U.; Coventry U.; Dubna, JINR; Enrico Fermi Ctr., Rome; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Fond. Bruno Kessler, Trento; Genoa U.; Gran Sasso; Hawaii U.; Houston U.; INFN, Aquila; INFN, Bologna; INFN, Cagliari; INFN, Catania; INFN, Genoa; INFN, Legnaro; INFN, Milan; INFN, Naples; INFN, Pisa; INFN, Rome; INFN, Rome3; INFN, Salerno; INFN, Turin; Jagiellonian U.; Kurchatov Inst., Moscow; L'Aquila U.; Lancaster U.; Laurentian U.; Lewis - Clark Coll.; Liverpool U.; Lomonosov Inst. Fine Chem. Tech.; Madrid, CIEMAT; Manchester U.; Marseille, CPPM; Massachusetts U., Amherst; Messina U.; Milan U.; Moscow Phys. Eng. Inst.; Naples U.; Novosibirsk State U.; Novosibirsk, IYF; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Paris U., VI-VII; Pisa U.; Polytech. Turin; Princeton U.; Purdue U.; Queen's U., Kingston; Rome III U.; Rome U.; Rome U., Tor Vergata; Royal Holloway, U. of London; SINP, Moscow; SNOLAB, Lively; Salerno U.; Sao Paulo U.; Split Tech. U.; St. Petersburg, INP; TRIUMF; Temple U.; Trento U.; U. Edinburgh; UC, Davis; UC, Riverside; UCLA; Virginia Tech.; Warsaw, Copernicus Astron. Ctr.; Williams Coll.; Wisconsin U., River Falls; Zaragoza U.; Zurich, ETH
Sponsoring Organization:
US Department of Energy
Grant/Contract Number:
89243024CSC000002; AC02-07CH11359
OSTI ID:
1958473
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-23-051-ND; oai:inspirehep.net:2627835; arXiv:2301.12970
Journal Information:
Astropart.Phys., Journal Name: Astropart.Phys. Vol. 152
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
argon
cosmogenic activation
dark matter
rare events