Modeling strategies and data needs for representing coastal wetland vegetation in land surface models

LaFond‐Hudson, Sophia; Sulman, Benjamin

doi:10.1111/nph.18760

Modeling strategies and data needs for representing coastal wetland vegetation in land surface models

Journal Article · Mon Jan 23 00:00:00 EST 2023 · New Phytologist

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18760· OSTI ID:1928946

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Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Environmental Sciences Division

Vegetated coastal ecosystems sequester carbon rapidly relative to terrestrial ecosystems. Coastal wetlands are poorly represented in land surface models, but work is underway to improve process-based, predictive modeling of these ecosystems. Here, in this work, we identify guiding questions, potential simulations, and data needs to make progress in improving representation of vegetation in terrestrial–aquatic interfaces, with a focus on coastal and estuarine ecosystems. We synthesize relevant plant traits and environmental controls on vegetation that influence carbon cycling in coastal ecosystems. We propose that models include separate plant functional types (PFTs) for mangroves, graminoid salt marshes, and succulent salt marshes to adequately represent the variation in aboveground and belowground productivity between common coastal wetland vegetation types. We also discuss the drivers and carbon storage consequences of shifts in dominant PFTs. We suggest several potential approaches to represent the diversity in vegetation tolerance and adaptations to fluctuations in salinity and water level, which drive key gradients in coastal wetland ecosystems. Finally, we discuss data needs for parameterizing and evaluating model implementations of coastal wetland vegetation types and function.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1928946

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1967512

Journal Information:: New Phytologist, Journal Name: New Phytologist Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 238; ISSN 0028-646X

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
carbon cycling
coastal wetlands
land surface models
mangroves
salinity tolerance
salt marshes

Modeling strategies and data needs for representing coastal wetland vegetation in land surface models

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