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Title: Solar PV and BESS Plant-Level Voltage Control and Interactions: Experiments and Analysis

Journal Article · · IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2]
  1. Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
  2. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA
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In real world operation, low-frequency oscillations associated with plant-level voltage control of inverter-based resources (IBRs) have been a concern of grid operators. Here, this research aims to demonstrate and analyze the effect of plant-level voltage control on system stability and potential interactions among IBRs. The experiment results of a 13.2-kV system interconnected with two IBRs—a 1-MW battery energy storage system (BESS) and a 430-kW solar photovoltaic (PV) plant—are presented. Both 0.5-Hz and 3-Hz oscillations become visible at certain conditions. The phenomenon is further explained by use of a feedback system consisting of the plant-level droop control and the effect of reactive power or var injection on voltage. The main components of the block diagram are obtained via frequency scan measurements. The analysis offers an understanding of the main contributors and other influencing factors of the 3-Hz and 0.5-Hz modes. It also reveals the role of the volt-var droop gain, the low-pass filter time constant, and the system impedance in stability.

Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office Office
DOE Contract Number:
AC36-08GO28308
OSTI ID:
1924449
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5D00-82901; MainId:83674; UUID:cc2671d1-7317-476a-a4ee-d372b96a0d4d; MainAdminID:68731
Journal Information:
IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion; ISSN 0885-8969
Publisher:
IEEE
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (12)

Hardware Demonstration of Weak Grid Oscillations in Grid-Following Converters conference November 2021
Analysis of 0.1-Hz Var Oscillations in Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants journal January 2023
Identifying DQ-Domain Admittance Models of a 2.3-MVA Commercial Grid-Following Inverter via Frequency-Domain and Time-Domain Data journal September 2021
Data-Driven Dynamic Modeling in Power Systems: A Fresh Look on Inverter-Based Resource Modeling journal May 2022
Adaptive Q–V Scheme for the Voltage Control of a DFIG-Based Wind Power Plant journal May 2016
Sequence Impedance Measurement of Utility-Scale Wind Turbines and Inverters – Reference Frame, Frequency Coupling, and MIMO/SISO Forms journal March 2022
Connecting wind power plant with weak grid - Challenges and solutions conference January 2013
Design and Analysis of a Slope Voltage Control for a DFIG Wind Power Plant journal March 2012
Comparison of two voltage control strategies for a wind power plant conference March 2011
A Hybrid System Consisting of Synchronous Condenser and Battery - Enhanced Services for Weak Systems conference September 2019
Droop Control as an Alternative Inertial Response Strategy for the Synthetic Inertia on Wind Turbines journal March 2016
Electrical Pre-Design for Grid Code Compliant Evaluation of Wind Power Plant in Vestas conference March 2011

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Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY
24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
Interactions
inverter-based resources
oscillations