Improved Fuel Cell Chemical Durability of an Heteropoly Acid Functionalized Perfluorinated Terpolymer-Perfluorosulfonic Acid Composite Membrane

Kim, ChulOong; Wu, Ivy; Kuo, Mei-Chen; Carmosino, Dominic J.; Bloom, Ethan W.; Seifert, Soenke; Cullen, David A.; Ha, Phuc; Lindell, Matthew J.; Jiang, Ruichun; Gittleman, Craig S.; Yandrasits, Michael A.; Herring, Andrew M.

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/acb848

Title: Improved Fuel Cell Chemical Durability of an Heteropoly Acid Functionalized Perfluorinated Terpolymer-Perfluorosulfonic Acid Composite Membrane

Journal Article · Mon Feb 13 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/acb848· OSTI ID:1924346

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Commercial proton exchange membrane heavy-duty fuel cell vehicles will require a five-fold increase in durability compared to current state-of-the art light-duty fuel cell vehicles. We describe a new composite membrane that incorporates silicotungstic heteroply acid (HPA), α-K₈SiW₁₁O₄₀∙13H₂O, a radical decomposition catalyst and when acid-exchanged can potentially conduct protons. The HPA was covalently bound to a terpolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, and sulfonyl fluoride containing monomer (1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluoro-4-((1,2,2-trifluorovinyl)oxy)butane-1-sulfonyl fluoride) by dehydrofluorination followed by addition of diethyl (4-hydroxyphenyl) phosphonate, giving a perfluorosulfonic acid-vinylidene fluoride-heteropoly acid (PFSA-VDF-HPA). A composite membrane was fabricated using a blend of the PFSA-VDF-HPA and the 800EW 3M perfluoro sulfonic acid polymer. The bottom liner-side of the membrane tended to have a higher proportion of HPA moieties compared to the air-side as gravity caused the higher mass density PFSA-VDF-HPA to settle. The composite membrane was shown to have less swelling, more hydrophobic properties, and higher crystallinity than the pure PFSA membrane. The proton conductivity of the membrane was 0.130 ± 0.03 S cm^-1 at 80 °C and 95% RH. Impressively, when the membrane with HPA-rich side was facing the anode, the membrane survived more than 800 h under accelerated stress test conditions of open-circuit voltage, 90 °C and 30% RH.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) - Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office (HFTO); USDOE Office of Science - Office of Basic Energy Sciences - Scientific User Facilities Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC02–06CH11357; EE0008821; DMR-1828454; AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1924346

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1923097; OSTI ID: 1987779; OSTI ID: 2000025

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol. 170 Journal Issue: 2; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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