Characterizing Hydrogen Storage Potential in U.S. Underground Gas Storage Facilities

Lackey, Greg; Freeman, Gerad M.; Buscheck, Thomas A.; Haeri, Foad; White, Joshua A.; Huerta, Nicolas; Goodman, Angela

doi:10.1029/2022GL101420

Characterizing Hydrogen Storage Potential in U.S. Underground Gas Storage Facilities

Journal Article · Thu Feb 09 23:00:00 EST 2023 · Geophysical Research Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101420· OSTI ID:1924152

^[1]; ^[2]; Buscheck, Thomas A. ^[3]; Haeri, Foad ^[1]; White, Joshua A. ^[3]; Huerta, Nicolas ^[2]; ^[4]

National Energy Technology Laboratory Pittsburgh PA USA, NETL Support Contractor Pittsburgh PA USA
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
National Energy Technology Laboratory Pittsburgh PA USA

Abstract

Underground hydrogen storage is a long‐duration energy storage option for a low‐carbon economy. Although research into the technical feasibility of underground hydrogen storage is ongoing, existing underground gas storage (UGS) facilities are appealing candidates for the technology because of their ability to store and deliver natural gas. We estimate that UGS facilities in the United States (U.S.) can store 327 TWh (9.8 MMT) of pure hydrogen. A complete transition to hydrogen storage would reduce the collective working‐gas energy of UGS facilities by ∼75%; however, most (73.2%) UGS facilities could maintain current energy demand using a 20% hydrogen‐natural gas blend. U.S. UGS facilities can buffer 23.9%–44.6% of the high and low hydrogen demand projected for 2050, respectively, which exceeds the current percentage of natural gas demand buffered by storage. Thus, transitioning UGS infrastructure to hydrogen could substantially reduce the number of new hydrogen storage facilities needed to support a hydrogen economy.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1924152

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1961722
OSTI ID: 1963386
OSTI ID: 1984042

Journal Information:: Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 50; ISSN 0094-8276

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Characterizing Hydrogen Storage Potential in U.S. Underground Gas Storage Facilities

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