Technology advances & new applications for biodiesel
Biodiesel, as the term is used in the United States, is a blend of methyl and/or ethyl esters with petrodiesel. The esters are biodegradable, non-toxic and essentially free of sulfur or aromatic compounds. The blend level is a function of economics, the desired emissions profile, material compatibility, and combustion characteristics. The focus at the moment is on a 20 vol% blend of a methyl ester (methyl soyate) in petrodiesel (known as B20). The name {open_quotes}biodiesel{close_quotes} was introduced by the National SoyDiesel Development Board (now the National Biodiesel Board), which has pioneered the commercialization of biodiesel in the United States. The American Biofuels Association (ABA) and Information Resources Inc. (IRI) have, in the past, been part of their support team. Methyl or ethyl esters are made from vegetable and tree oils, animal fats, and used oils and fats. These oils are blended with an alcohol (usually methanol, although ethanol can be used as well) and a catalyst such as sodium hydroxide. The resulting chemical reaction (which occurs at moderate temperatures and pressures) produces a methyl or ethyl ester and glycerine, a valuable material used extensively in the manufacture of soaps and other consumer products.
- OSTI ID:
- 192057
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-941045--
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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