Grass xylan structural variation suggests functional specialization and distinctive interaction with cellulose and lignin

Tryfona, Theodora; Bourdon, Matthieu; Delgado Marques, Rita; Busse‐Wicher, Marta; Vilaplana, Francisco; Stott, Katherine; Dupree, Paul

doi:10.1111/tpj.16096

Grass xylan structural variation suggests functional specialization and distinctive interaction with cellulose and lignin

Journal Article · Wed Jan 18 23:00:00 EST 2023 · The Plant Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.16096· OSTI ID:1909963

^[1]; Bourdon, Matthieu ^[2]; Delgado Marques, Rita ^[1]; Busse‐Wicher, Marta ^[1]; ^[3]; Stott, Katherine ^[1]; ^[1]

Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1QW UK
Sainsbury Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1LR UK
Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm SE‐10691 Sweden

SUMMARY

Xylan is the most abundant non‐cellulosic polysaccharide in grass cell walls, and it has important structural roles. The name glucuronoarabinoxylan (GAX) is used to describe this variable hemicellulose. It has a linear backbone of β‐1,4‐xylose (Xyl) residues that may be substituted with α‐1,2‐linked (4‐ O ‐methyl)‐glucuronic acid (GlcA), α‐1,3‐linked arabinofuranose (Ara f ), and sometimes acetylation at the O ‐2 and/or O ‐3 positions. The role of these substitutions remains unclear, although there is increasing evidence that they affect the way xylan interacts with other cell wall components, particularly cellulose and lignin. Here, we used substitution‐dependent endo‐xylanase enzymes to investigate the variability of xylan substitution in grass culm cell walls. We show that there are at least three different types of xylan: (i) an arabinoxylan with evenly distributed Ara f substitutions without GlcA (AXe); (ii) a glucuronoarabinoxylan with clustered GlcA modifications (GAXc); and (iii) a highly substituted glucuronoarabinoxylan (hsGAX). Immunolocalization of AXe and GAXc in Brachypodium distachyon culms revealed that these xylan types are not restricted to a few cell types but are instead widely detected in Brachypodium cell walls. We hypothesize that there are functionally specialized xylan types within the grass cell wall. The even substitutions of AXe may permit folding and binding on the surface of cellulose fibrils, whereas the more complex substitutions of the other xylans may support a role in the matrix and interaction with other cell wall components.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001090

OSTI ID:: 1909963

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1909967
OSTI ID: 2204045

Journal Information:: The Plant Journal, Journal Name: The Plant Journal Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 113; ISSN 0960-7412

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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