TDCOSMO: XII. Improved Hubble constant measurement from lensing time delays using spatially resolved stellar kinematics of the lens galaxy

Shajib, Anowar J.; Mozumdar, Pritom; Chen, Geoff C.-F.; Treu, Tommaso; Cappellari, Michele; Knabel, Shawn; Suyu, Sherry H.; Bennert, Vardha N.; Frieman, Joshua A.; Sluse, Dominique; Birrer, Simon; Courbin, Frederic; Fassnacht, Christopher D.; Villafaña, Lizvette; Williams, Peter R.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202345878

Title: TDCOSMO: XII. Improved Hubble constant measurement from lensing time delays using spatially resolved stellar kinematics of the lens galaxy

Journal Article · Mon Apr 24 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Astronomy and Astrophysics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202345878· OSTI ID:1909867

^[1]; Mozumdar, Pritom ^[2]; Chen, Geoff C.-F. ^[3];

^[3];

^[4]; Knabel, Shawn ^[3];

^[5];

^[6]; Frieman, Joshua A. ^[7];

^[8];

^[9];

^[10];

^[2]; Villafaña, Lizvette ^[3]; Williams, Peter R. ^[3]

Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom)
Technical Univ. of Munich (Germany); Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics (Germany); Academia Sinica, Taipei (Taiwan)
California Polytechnic State Univ. (CalPoly), San Luis Obispo, CA (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
STAR Institute, Liege (Belgium)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)
Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (EPFL) (Switzerland)

Strong-lensing time delays enable the measurement of the Hubble constant (H₀) independently of other traditional methods. The main limitation to the precision of time-delay cosmography is mass-sheet degeneracy (MSD). Some of the previous TDCOSMO analyses broke the MSD by making standard assumptions about the mass density profile of the lens galaxy, reaching 2% precision from seven lenses. However, this approach could potentially bias the H₀ measurement or underestimate the errors. For this work, we broke the MSD for the first time using spatially resolved kinematics of the lens galaxy in RXJ1131–1231 obtained from the Keck Cosmic Web Imager spectroscopy, in combination with previously published time delay and lens models derived from Hubble Space Telescope imaging. This approach allowed us to robustly estimate H₀, effectively implementing a maximally flexible mass model. Following a blind analysis, we estimated the angular diameter distance to the lens galaxy D_d = 865$$^{+85}_{-81}$$ Mpc and the time-delay distance D_Δt = 2180$$^{+472}_{-271}$$ Mpc, giving H₀ = 77.1$$^{+7.3}_{-7.1}$$ km s^–1 Mpc^–1 – for a flat Λ cold dark matter cosmology. The error budget accounts for all uncertainties, including the MSD inherent to the lens mass profile and line-of-sight effects, and those related to the mass–anisotropy degeneracy and projection effects. Our new measurement is in excellent agreement with those obtained in the past using standard simply parametrized mass profiles for this single system (H₀ = 78.3$$^{+3.4}_{-3.3}$$ km s^–1 Mpc^–1) and for seven lenses (H₀ = 74.2$$^{+1.6}_{-1.6}$$ km s^–1 Mpc^–1), or for seven lenses using single-aperture kinematics and the same maximally flexible models used by us (H₀ = 73.3$$^{+5.8}_{-5.8}$$ km s^–1 Mpc^–1). This agreement corroborates the methodology of time-delay cosmography.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); Moore Foundation

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359; HST-HF2-51492; NAS5-26555; AST-1906976; AST-1836016; AST-1907396; AST-1909297; 8548

OSTI ID:: 1909867

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-23-013-PPD; arXiv:2301.02656; oai:inspirehep.net:2621298; TRN: US2312179

Journal Information:: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 673; ISSN 0004-6361

Publisher:: EDP SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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The impact of microlensing on the standardization of strongly lensed Type Ia supernovae Foxley-Marrable, Max; Collett, Thomas E.; Vernardos, Georgios Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 478, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1346	journal	May 2018
H0LiCOW XII. Lens mass model of WFI2033 − 4723 and blind measurement of its time-delay distance and H0 Rusu, Cristian E.; Wong, Kenneth C.; Bonvin, Vivien Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 498, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3451	journal	September 2019
Cosmology intertwined: A review of the particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology associated with the cosmological tensions and anomalies Abdalla, Elcio; Abellán, Guillermo Franco; Aboubrahim, Amin Journal of High Energy Astrophysics, Vol. 34 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jheap.2022.04.002	journal	June 2022
The internal structure of the lens PG1115+080: breaking degeneracies in the value of the Hubble constant Treu, T.; Koopmans, L. V. E. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 337, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.06107.x	journal	September 2002
Unified lensing and kinematic analysis for any elliptical mass profile Shajib, Anowar J. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 488, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1796	journal	July 2019
The Pantheon+ Analysis: Cosmological Constraints Brout, Dillon; Scolnic, Dan; Popovic, Brodie The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 938, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8e04	journal	October 2022
Improving the Precision of Time-Delay Cosmography with Observations of Galaxies Along the line of Sight Greene, Zach S.; Suyu, Sherry H.; Treu, Tommaso The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 768, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/768/1/39	journal	April 2013
Efficient solution of the anisotropic spherically aligned axisymmetric Jeans equations of stellar hydrodynamics for galactic dynamics Cappellari, Michele Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 494, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa959	journal	April 2020
Improving the full spectrum fitting method: accurate convolution with Gauss–Hermite functions Cappellari, Michele Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 466, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw3020	journal	November 2016
The SWELLS survey - IV. Precision measurements of the stellar and dark matter distributions in a spiral lens galaxy: The SWELLS survey - IV Barnabè, Matteo; Dutton, Aaron A.; Marshall, Philip J. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 423, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20934.x	journal	May 2012
lenstronomy II: A gravitational lensing software ecosystem Birrer, Simon; Shajib, Anowar; Gilman, Daniel Journal of Open Source Software, Vol. 6, Issue 62 https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.03283	journal	June 2021

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