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Title: Mapping the determinants of catalysis and substrate specificity of the antibiotic resistance enzyme CTX-M β-lactamase

Journal Article · · Communications Biology

Abstract CTX-M β-lactamases are prevalent antibiotic resistance enzymes and are notable for their ability to rapidly hydrolyze the extended-spectrum cephalosporin, cefotaxime. We hypothesized that the active site sequence requirements of CTX-M-mediated hydrolysis differ between classes of β-lactam antibiotics. Accordingly, we use codon randomization, antibiotic selection, and deep sequencing to determine the CTX-M active-site residues required for hydrolysis of cefotaxime and the penicillin, ampicillin. The study reveals positions required for hydrolysis of all β-lactams, as well as residues controlling substrate specificity. Further, CTX-M enzymes poorly hydrolyze the extended-spectrum cephalosporin, ceftazidime. We further show that the sequence requirements for ceftazidime hydrolysis follow those of cefotaxime, with the exception that key active-site omega loop residues are not required, and may be detrimental, for ceftazidime hydrolysis. These results provide insights into cephalosporin hydrolysis and demonstrate that changes to the active-site omega loop are likely required for the evolution of CTX-M-mediated ceftazidime resistance.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Welch Foundation
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231; AI32956; Q1279; T32 GM120011; P30 GM124169-01
OSTI ID:
1909043
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1972190
Journal Information:
Communications Biology, Journal Name: Communications Biology Vol. 6 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 2399-3642
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English

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