Data-Driven Simulation-Based Planning for Electric Airport Shuttle Systems: A Real-World Case Study

Liu, Zhaocai; Wang, Qichao; Sigler, Devon; Kotz, Andrew; Kelly, Kenneth J.; Lunacek, Monte; Phillips, Caleb; Garikapati, Venu

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120483

Data-Driven Simulation-Based Planning for Electric Airport Shuttle Systems: A Real-World Case Study

Journal Article · Thu Dec 15 04:00:00 EST 2022 · Applied Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120483· OSTI ID:1908702

; ; Sigler, Devon; ; ; Lunacek, Monte; ;

Many airports are adopting battery electric buses in their shuttle fleets due to concerns over air quality and regulations. This study proposes a simulation-based optimization modeling framework to help airport shuttle operators effectively deploy electric buses. We evaluated a planned airport electric shuttle system with an event-driven simulator. Empirical data collected from existing systems were used to drive the simulations. We then proposed a simulation-based optimization model to determine the battery capacity, charging power, and number of chargers so that predefined objective(s) (e.g., minimizing total capital cost, minimizing emissions) are optimized. Compared to existing studies, the primary contribution of the proposed method is that it can model the real-world stochastic nature of operations in an electric bus system with much higher fidelity. To demonstrate the proposed modeling framework, we study a real-world shuttle system at the Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, and present extensive numerical studies. When considering partial fleet electrification, the model can provide a set of Pareto optimal solutions. When considering full fleet electrification, the optimal solution requires a 50-kWh battery capacity and four 210-kW chargers, resulting in a total capital cost of $26,744,000. The results demonstrate that the proposed modeling framework can effectively optimize the planning of electric airport shuttle systems with partial or full fleet electrification.

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); Dallas Fort-Worth International Airport (DFW)

DOE Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1908702

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-2C00-84442; MainId:85215; UUID:d3b102f6-31eb-456a-a41f-0f79689b0a03; MainAdminID:68416

Journal Information:: Applied Energy, Journal Name: Applied Energy Vol. 332

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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