Tunable, Homoepitaxial Hyperbolic Metamaterials Enabled by High Mobility CdO

Cleri, Angela J.; Nolen, J. Ryan; Wirth, Konstantin G.; He, Mingze; Runnerstrom, Evan L.; Kelley, Kyle P.; Nordlander, Joshua; Taubner, Thomas; Folland, Thomas G.; Maria, Jon‐Paul; Caldwell, Joshua D.

doi:10.1002/adom.202202137

Title: Tunable, Homoepitaxial Hyperbolic Metamaterials Enabled by High Mobility CdO

Journal Article · Wed Nov 09 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Advanced Optical Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202202137· OSTI ID:1906601

^[1];

^[2]; Wirth, Konstantin G. ^[3];

^[4];

^[5];

^[6]; Nordlander, Joshua ^[1];

^[3];

^[7]; Maria, Jon‐Paul ^[1];

^[4]

Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (United States)
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (United States); City University of New York (CUNY), NY (United States)
RWTH Aachen University (Germany)
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (United States)
Army Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC (United States), MD (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (United States); University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA (United States)

We report propagating light exhibits hyperbolicity in strongly anisotropic materials where the principal components of the dielectric tensor are opposite in sign. While hyperbolicity occurs naturally in anisotropic polar dielectrics, wherein optical phonons along orthogonal crystal axes are nondegenerate, such optical anisotropy can also be engineered in hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs): thin film superlattices of alternating dielectric and metallic layers. Contrasted with the severely limited tunability of natural hyperbolic materials, the hyperbolic behavior of HMMs can be tailored significantly both through superlattice design and material selection. However, so far HMMs have suffered from high optical losses, hindering their performance. In this report, broadly tunable (λ = 2–5 µm) Type I and II hyperbolic modes with low losses (quality (Q)-factors up to 19.7) are observed through attenuated total reflectance measurements of monolithic, homoepitaxial superlattices of high- and low-doped cadmium oxide (CdO). Further, the low losses offered by CdO enable the first demonstration of real-space imaging of hyperbolic plasmon polaritons in nanoresonators by scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy—previously only possible for hyperbolic phonon polariton materials. Tunable, low-loss CdO HMMs promise designability for applications such as on-chip photonics, super-resolution imaging (hyperlensing), enhanced emission, novel emitter designs, and possibly quantum nanophotonic and time variant metasurfaces.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR); Army Research Office (ARO); Department of Defense (DoD): German Science Foundation (DFG)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; N00014-22-12035; N00014-18-1-2107; W911NF-21-1-0119; W911NF-16-1-0406; TA848/7-1; SFB917

OSTI ID:: 1906601

Journal Information:: Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 2202137, Issue 2202137; ISSN 2195-1071

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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