The Worldwide C3S CORDEX Grand Ensemble: A Major Contribution to Assess Regional Climate Change in the IPCC AR6 Atlas

Journal Article · Thu Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-22-0111.1· OSTI ID:1906586

Diez-Sierra, Javier ^[1]; Iturbide, Maialen ^[2]; Gutiérrez, José M. ^[3]; Fernández, Jesús ^[3]; Milovac, Josipa ^[3]; Cofiño, Antonio S. ^[3]; Cimadevilla, Ezequiel ^[4]; Nikulin, Grigory ^[5]; Levavasseur, Guillaume ^[6]; Kjellström, Erik ^[7]; Bülow, Katharina ^[8]; Horányi, András ^[9]; Brookshaw, Anca ^[10]; García-Díez, Markel ^[11]; Pérez, Antonio ^[12]; Baño-Medina, Jorge ^[3]; Ahrens, Bodo ^[13]; Alias, Antoinette ^[14]; Ashfaq, Moetasim ^[15]; Bukovsky, Melissa ^[16] ; Buonomo, Erasmo ^[17]; Caluwaerts, Steven ^[18]; Chou, Sin Chan ^[19]; Christensen, Ole B. ^[20]; Ciarlò, James M. ^[21]; Coppola, Erika ^[22]; Corre, Lola ^[23]; Demory, Marie-Estelle ^[24]; Djurdjevic, Vladimir ^[25]; Evans, Jason P. ^[26]; Fealy, Rowan ^[27]; Feldmann, Hendrik ^[28]; Jacob, Daniela ^[29]; Jayanarayanan, Sanjay ^[30]; Katzfey, Jack ^[31]; Keuler, Klaus ^[32]; Kittel, Christoph ^[33]; Kurnaz, Mehmet Levent ^[34]; Laprise, René ^[35]; Lionello, Piero ^[36]; McGinnis, Seth ^[37]; Mercogliano, Paola ^[38]; Nabat, Pierre ^[23]; Önol, Barış ^[39]; Ozturk, Tugba ^[40]; Panitz, Hans-Jürgen ^[41]; Paquin, Dominique ^[42]; Pieczka, Ildikó ^[43]; Raffaele, Francesca ^[22]; Remedio, Armelle Reca ^[29]; Scinocca, John ^[44]; Sevault, Florence ^[23]; Somot, Samuel ^[23]; Steger, Christian ^[45]; Tangang, Fredolin ^[46]; Teichmann, Claas ^[29]; Termonia, Piet ^[47]; Thatcher, Marcus ^[48]; Torma, Csaba ^[49]; van Meijgaard, Erik ^[50]; Vautard, Robert ^[51]; Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten ^[52]; Winger, Katja ^[53]; Zittis, George ^[54]

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1. Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC–Universidad de Cantabria, and Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain;;Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC–Universidad de Cantabria, and Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain;
2. Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC–Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain;;Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC–Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain;
3. Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC–Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain;
4. Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain;;Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain;
5. Rossby Centre, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden;;Rossby Centre, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden;
6. Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France;;Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France;
7. Rossby Centre, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden;
8. Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Hamburg, Germany;;Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Hamburg, Germany;
9. European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom;;European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom;
10. European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom;
11. Predictia Intelligent Data Solutions SL, Santander, Spain;;Predictia Intelligent Data Solutions SL, Santander, Spain;
12. Predictia Intelligent Data Solutions SL, Santander, Spain;
13. Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany;;Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany;
14. CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France;;CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France;
15. Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;;Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee;
16. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado;;National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado;
17. Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom;;Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom;
18. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;;Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;
19. National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São Paulo, Brazil;;National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São Paulo, Brazil;
20. National Centre for Climate Research, Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark;;National Centre for Climate Research, Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark;
21. Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy;;Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy;
22. Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy;
23. CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France;
24. Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;;Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;
25. Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Serbia;;Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Serbia;
26. Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;;Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;
27. ICARUS, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland;;ICARUS, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland;
28. Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-TRO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany;;Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-TRO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany;
29. Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Hamburg, Germany;
30. Centre for Climate Change Research, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India;;Centre for Climate Change Research, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pune, India;
31. Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia;;Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia;
32. Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus–Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany;;Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus–Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany;
33. Department of Geography, UR SPHERES, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium;;Department of Geography, UR SPHERES, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium;
34. Center for Climate Change and Policy Studies, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey;;Center for Climate Change and Policy Studies, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey;
35. Centre ESCER, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;;Centre ESCER, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
36. Fondazione Centro Euromediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici. Lecce, Italy;;Fondazione Centro Euromediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici. Lecce, Italy;
37. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado;
38. Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici, Caserta, Italy;;Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici, Caserta, Italy;
39. Aeronautics and Astronautics Faculty, Meteorological Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey;;Aeronautics and Astronautics Faculty, Meteorological Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey;
40. Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Isik University, Istanbul, Turkey;;Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Isik University, Istanbul, Turkey;
41. Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-TRO), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany;
42. Ouranos, Montréal, Quebec, Canada;;Ouranos, Montréal, Quebec, Canada;
43. Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Department of Meteorology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary;;Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Department of Meteorology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary;
44. Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada;;Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada;
45. Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany;;Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany;
46. Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;;Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;
47. Royal Meteorological Institute, Brussels, Belgium;;Royal Meteorological Institute, Brussels, Belgium;
48. Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia;
49. Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Department of Meteorology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary;
50. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands;;Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands;
51. Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France;
52. Institute of Physics and Meteorology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany;;Institute of Physics and Meteorology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany;
53. Centre ESCER, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
54. Climate and Atmosphere Research Center, Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus;Climate and Atmosphere Research Center, Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus

The collaboration between the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) and the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) provides open access to an unprecedented ensemble of regional climate model (RCM) simulations, across the 14 CORDEX continental-scale domains, with global coverage. These simulations have been used as a new line of evidence to assess regional climate projections in the latest contribution of the Working Group I (WGI) to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), particularly in the regional chapters and the Atlas. Here, we present the work done in the framework of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) to assemble a consistent worldwide CORDEX grand ensemble, aligned with the deadlines and activities of IPCC AR6. This work addressed the uneven and heterogeneous availability of CORDEX ESGF data by supporting publication in CORDEX domains with few archived simulations and performing quality control. It also addressed the lack of comprehensive documentation by compiling information from all contributing regional models, allowing for an informed use of data. In addition to presenting the worldwide CORDEX dataset, we assess here its consistency for precipitation and temperature by comparing climate change signals in regions with overlapping CORDEX domains, obtaining overall coincident regional climate change signals. The C3S CORDEX dataset has been used for the assessment of regional climate change in the IPCC AR6 (and for the interactive Atlas) and is available through the Copernicus Climate Data Store (CDS).

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• Contributing Organization: Working Group I
• Grant/Contract Number: AC05-00OR22725
• OSTI ID: 1906586
• Journal Information: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 103, Issue 12; ISSN 0003-0007
• Publisher: American Meteorological Society
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
climate change
downscaling
regional models
ensembles
data quality control
climate services