Preparation of metrological states in dipolar-interacting spin systems

Zheng, Tian-Xing; Li, Anran; Rosen, Jude; Zhou, Sisi; Koppenhöfer, Martin; Ma, Ziqi; Chong, Frederic T.; Clerk, Aashish A.; Jiang, Liang; Maurer, Peter C.

doi:10.1038/s41534-022-00667-4

Title: Preparation of metrological states in dipolar-interacting spin systems

Journal Article · Thu Dec 22 00:00:00 EST 2022 · npj Quantum Information

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-022-00667-4· OSTI ID:1906415

; Li, Anran;

; Zhou, Sisi;

; Ma, Ziqi; Chong, Frederic T.;

; Jiang, Liang; Maurer, Peter C.

Abstract Spin systems are an attractive candidate for quantum-enhanced metrology. Here we develop a variational method to generate metrological states in small dipolar-interacting spin ensembles with limited qubit control. For both regular and disordered spatial spin configurations the generated states enable sensing beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL) and, for small spin numbers, approach the Heisenberg limit (HL). Depending on the circuit depth and the level of readout noise, the resulting states resemble Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states or Spin Squeezed States (SSS). Sensing beyond the SQL holds in the presence of finite spin polarization and a non-Markovian noise environment. The developed black-box optimization techniques for small spin numbers ( N ≤ 10) are directly applicable to diamond-based nanoscale field sensing, where the sensor size limits N and conventional squeezing approaches fail.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: DOE 1F-60579, DE-AC02-06CH11357; DOE 1F-60579

OSTI ID:: 1906415

Journal Information:: npj Quantum Information, Journal Name: npj Quantum Information Vol. 8 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 2056-6387

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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