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Characterization of the Kingella kingae Polysaccharide Capsule and Exopolysaccharide

Journal Article · · PLoS ONE
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [2]
  1. Duke University, Durham, NC (United States). Medical Center; Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)
  2. Duke University, Durham, NC (United States). Medical Center
  3. University of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Recent evidence indicates that Kingella kingae produces a polysaccharide capsule. In an effort to determine the composition and structure of this polysaccharide capsule, in the current study we purified capsular material from the surface of K. kingae strain 269–492 variant KK01 using acidic conditions to release the capsule and a series of steps to remove DNA, RNA, and protein. Analysis of the resulting material by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc), 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo), and galactose (Gal). Further analysis by NMR demonstrated two distinct polysaccharides, one consisting of GalNAc and Kdo with the structure →3)-b-GalpNAc-(1→5)-b-Kdop-(2→ and the other containing galactose alone with the structure →5)-b-Galf-(1→. Disruption of the ctrA gene required for surface localization of the K. kingae polysaccharide capsule resulted in elimination of GalNAc and Kdo but had no effect on the presence of Gal in bacterial surface extracts. In contrast, deletion of the pamABCDE locus involved in production of a reported galactan exopolysaccharide eliminated Gal but had no effect on the presence of GalNAc and Kdo in surface extracts. Disruption of ctrA and deletion of pamABCDE resulted in a loss of all carbohydrates in surface extracts. These results establish that K. kingae strain KK01 produces a polysaccharide capsule with the structure →3)-b-GalpNAc-(1→5)-b-Kdop- (2→ and a separate exopolysaccharide with the structure →5)-b-Galf-(1→. The polysaccharide capsule and the exopolysaccharide require distinct genetic loci for surface localization.

Research Organization:
University of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States); Duke University, Durham, NC (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
FG02-93ER20097
OSTI ID:
1904589
Journal Information:
PLoS ONE, Journal Name: PLoS ONE Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 8; ISSN 1932-6203
Publisher:
Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (3)

Kingella kingae Surface Polysaccharides Promote Resistance to Neutrophil Phagocytosis and Killing journal June 2019
Kingella kingae Expresses Four Structurally Distinct Polysaccharide Capsules That Differ in Their Correlation with Invasive Disease journal October 2016
Outbreaks of Kingella kingae Infections in Daycare Facilities journal May 2014

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
exopolysaccharides
galactose
gene disruption
genetic loci
kingella kingae
polymers
polysaccharides
silver staining