Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing to Identify Locations of Resistive Transitions in REBCO Conductors and Magnets

Luo, Linqing; Ferracin, Paolo; Stern, Jillian; van der Laan, Danko; Wang, Xiaorong; Weiss, Jeremy; Wu, Yuxin

doi:10.1109/tasc.2022.3159507

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing to Identify Locations of Resistive Transitions in REBCO Conductors and Magnets

Journal Article · Tue Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2022.3159507· OSTI ID:1904176

^[1]; ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[1]; ^[3]; Wu, Yuxin ^[1]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Tufts Univ., Medford, MA (United States)
Advanced Conductor Technologies LLC, Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)

High-temperature superconductors such as REBa₂Cu₃O_7-x (REBCO, RE = rare earth) can generate strong magnetic fields that are promising for applications in particle accelerators and compact fusion reactors. Traditionally, voltage taps are installed in superconducting magnets to measure the voltage signals due to resistive transitions. The voltage-tap-based diagnostics is important for the development of magnet technology as it can help pinpoint the locations in the magnet windings that limit the magnet performance. The architecture of the multi-tape REBCO cable such as CORC wires, however, makes it difficult to apply the voltage-tap-based diagnostics to identify the locations of resistive transitions. Distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) has the potential to address this issue. In this paper, we report the measurements of thermal strain along a CORC wire based on optical frequency domain reflectometry with a maximum spatial resolution of 0.65 mm and a temporal resolution of 10 Hz. The optical fiber is co-wound with the CORC wire that is epoxy impregnated. During the test, current was increased until a resistive transition occurred in the conductor. The spectrum shift of the reflected light along the fiber was recorded. The results suggested that with proper thermal isolation from the cryogen, DFOS can be used to identify the locations of resistive transitions in CORC wires and magnets. In conclusion, the results will allow a better understanding of the causes of resistive transitions in REBCO conductors and magnets, which will help improve the REBCO magnet technology.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; SC0014009; SC0015775

OSTI ID:: 1904176

Journal Information:: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 32; ISSN 1051-8223

Publisher:: IEEECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (24)

Distributed thermal monitoring of lithium ion batteries with optical fibre sensors Yu, Yifei; Vergori, Elena; Worwood, Daniel Journal of Energy Storage, Vol. 39 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102560	journal	July 2021
An initial study of demountable high-temperature superconducting toroidal field magnets for the Vulcan tokamak conceptual design Hartwig, Z. S.; Haakonsen, C. B.; Mumgaard, R. T. Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 87, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.10.002	journal	March 2012
ARC: A compact, high-field, fusion nuclear science facility and demonstration power plant with demountable magnets Sorbom, B. N.; Ball, J.; Palmer, T. R. Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 100 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.07.008	journal	November 2015
Superconducting accelerator magnet technology in the 21st century: A new paradigm on the horizon? Gourlay, S. A. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 893 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.03.004	journal	June 2018
Distributed optical fiber sensing: Review and perspective Lu, Ping; Lalam, Nageswara; Badar, Mudabbir Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5113955	journal	September 2019
Quench detection for high temperature superconductor magnets: a novel technique based on Rayleigh-backscattering interrogated optical fibers Scurti, F.; Ishmael, S.; Flanagan, G. Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/29/3/03LT01	journal	January 2016
Status of CORC ® cables and wires for use in high-field magnets and power systems a decade after their introduction van der Laan, D. C.; Weiss, J. D.; McRae, D. M. Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 32, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/aafc82	journal	February 2019
A review of commercial high temperature superconducting materials for large magnets: from wires and tapes to cables and conductors Uglietti, D. Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 32, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ab06a2	journal	April 2019
Introduction of the next generation of CORC ^® wires with engineering current density exceeding 650 A mm ⁻² at 12 T based on SuperPower’s ReBCO tapes containing substrates of 25 μ m thickness Weiss, J. D.; van der Laan, D. C.; Hazelton, D. Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ab72c6	journal	February 2020
A CORC ^® cable insert solenoid: the first high-temperature superconducting insert magnet tested at currents exceeding 4 kA in 14 T background magnetic field Van Der Laan, D. C.; Weiss, J. D.; Trociewitz, U. P. Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ab7fbe	journal	April 2020
CORC ^® wires containing integrated optical fibers for temperature and strain monitoring and voltage wires for reliable quench detection van der Laan, D. C.; Weiss, J. D.; Scurti, F. Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ab9ad1	journal	July 2020
VIPER: An industrially scalable high-current high temperature superconductor cable Hartwig, Zachary S.; Vieira, Rui; Sorbom, Brandon Nils Superconductor Science and Technology https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/abb8c0	journal	September 2020
Development and performance of a 2.9 Tesla dipole magnet using high-temperature superconducting CORC ^® wires Wang, Xiaorong; Abraimov, Dmytro; Arbelaez, Diego Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 34, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/abc2a5	journal	December 2020
Fiber optic quench detection for large-scale HTS magnets demonstrated on VIPER cable during high-fidelity testing at the SULTAN facility Salazar, Erica E.; Badcock, Rodney A.; Bajko, Marta Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 34, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/abdba8	journal	February 2021
SMART conductor on round core (CORC^®) wire via integrated optical fibers Scurti, F.; Weiss, J. D.; van der Laan, D. C. Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 34, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/abdc7f	journal	February 2021
Verifying cryogenic cooling of superconducting cables using optical fiber Boyd, C. D.; Lally, E. M.; Horrell, Emily E. 2012 Future of Instrumentation International Workshop (FIIW) Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1109/FIIW.2012.6378335	conference	October 2012
Cryogenic Temperature Measurement Using Rayleigh Backscattering Spectra Shift by OFDR No authors listed IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 26, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2014.2317702	journal	June 2014
Experimental Study on Quench Detection of a No-Insulation HTS Coil Based on Raman-Scattering Technology in Optical Fiber Jiang, Junjie; Zhao, Yong; Hong, Zhiyong IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 28, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2018.2802487	journal	April 2018
Bend Limitation of a Polyimide-Coated Optical Fiber at Cryogenic Temperature of 77 K Jiang, Junjie; Zhong, Lianhong; Duan, Xinhui IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2018.2883734	journal	March 2019
Thermal Stability Study of a Solder-Impregnated No-Insulation HTS Coil Via a Raman-Based Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor System Jiang, Junjie; Wu, Zeming; Liu, Bin IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2018.2890384	journal	March 2019
Quench Detection of Bi2223/Ag Insulated Double-Pancake Coil Using Distributed Optic Fiber Sensor Chen, Bin; Li, Jiangang; Hu, Yanlan IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 30, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2019.2929479	journal	April 2020
Developing a Vacuum Pressure Impregnation Procedure for CORC Wires Stern, J.; Swanson, J.; Bogdanof, T. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 32, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2022.3149733	journal	September 2022
Real-time simultaneous temperature and strain measurements at cryogenic temperatures in an optical fiber Mahar, Scott; Geng, Jihong; Schultz, Joel Optical Engineering + Applications, SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.791913	conference	August 2008
Dipole Magnets Above 20 Tesla: Research Needs for a Path via High-Temperature Superconducting REBCO Conductors Wang, Xiaorong; Gourlay, Stephen A.; Prestemon, Soren O. Instruments, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments3040062	journal	November 2019

Similar Records

Distributed fiber-optic sensing in a subscale high-temperature superconducting dipole magnet

Journal Article · Fri Feb 28 19:00:00 EST 2025 · Superconductor Science and Technology · OSTI ID:2573779

Development and performance of a 2.9 Tesla dipole magnet using high-temperature superconducting CORC® wires

Journal Article · Mon Dec 07 19:00:00 EST 2020 · Superconductor Science and Technology · OSTI ID:1833988

A 1.2 T canted cos $θ$ dipole magnet using high-temperature superconducting CORC^® wires

Journal Article · Mon May 20 20:00:00 EDT 2019 · Superconductor Science and Technology · OSTI ID:1561926

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
REBCO cable
defects localization
distributed fiber optic sensing
high-temperature superconductor
magnetic domains
optical fibers
resistive transitions
superconducting magnets
wires

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing to Identify Locations of Resistive Transitions in REBCO Conductors and Magnets

Citation Formats

References (24)

Similar Records

Related Subjects