Structural and Functional Characterization of Anti-A33 Antibodies Reveal a Potent Cross-Species Orthopoxviruses Neutralizer

Matho, Michael H.; Schlossman, Andrew; Meng, Xiangzhi; Benhnia, Mohammed Rafii-El-Idrissi; Kaever, Thomas; Buller, Mark; Doronin, Konstantin; Parker, Scott; Peters, Bjoern; Crotty, Shane; Xiang, Yan; Zajonc, Dirk M.

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005148

Structural and Functional Characterization of Anti-A33 Antibodies Reveal a Potent Cross-Species Orthopoxviruses Neutralizer

Journal Article · Tue Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · PLoS Pathogens

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005148· OSTI ID:1903993

Matho, Michael H. ^[1]; Schlossman, Andrew ^[2]; Meng, Xiangzhi ^[3]; Benhnia, Mohammed Rafii-El-Idrissi ^[4]; Kaever, Thomas ^[2]; Buller, Mark ^[5]; Doronin, Konstantin ^[5]; Parker, Scott ^[5]; Peters, Bjoern ^[2]; Crotty, Shane ^[2]; Xiang, Yan ^[6]; Zajonc, Dirk M. ^[2]

La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, CA (United States); OSTI
La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, CA (United States)
University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (United States)
University of Seville (Spain)
Saint Louis University School of Medicine, MO (United States)
University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (United States)

Vaccinia virus A33 is an extracellular enveloped virus (EEV)-specific type II membrane glycoprotein that is essential for efficient EEV formation and long-range viral spread within the host. A33 is a target for neutralizing antibody responses against EEV. In this study, we produced seven murine anti-A33 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) by immunizing mice with live VACV, followed by boosting with the soluble A33 homodimeric ectodomain. Five A33 specific MAbs were capable of neutralizing EEV in the presence of complement. All MAbs bind to conformational epitopes on A33 but not to linear peptides. To identify the epitopes, we have adetermined the crystal structures of three representative neutralizing MAbs in complex with A33. We have further determined the binding kinetics for each of the three antibodies to wild-type A33, as well as to engineered A33 that contained single alanine substitutions within the epitopes of the three crystallized antibodies. While the Fab of both MAbs A2C7 and A20G2 binds to a single A33 subunit, the Fab from MAb A27D7 binds to both A33 subunits simultaneously. A27D7 binding is resistant to single alanine substitutions within the A33 epitope. A27D7 also demonstrated high-affinity binding with recombinant A33 protein that mimics other orthopoxvirus strains in the A27D7 epitope, such as ectromelia, monkeypox, and cowpox virus, suggesting that A27D7 is a potent cross-neutralizer. Finally, we confirmed that A27D7 protects mice against a lethal challenge with ectromelia virus.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS); National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1903993

Journal Information:: PLoS Pathogens, Journal Name: PLoS Pathogens Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 11; ISSN 1553-7374

Publisher:: Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Structural and Functional Characterization of Anti-A33 Antibodies Reveal a Potent Cross-Species Orthopoxviruses Neutralizer

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