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Molecular Characterization of N-glycan Degradation and Transport in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Its Contribution to Virulence

Journal Article · · PLoS Pathogens
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [2];  [4];  [5];  [5];  [6];  [3];  [2]
  1. Univ. of Victoria, BC (Canada); Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology (Germany); OSTI
  2. Univ. of Victoria, BC (Canada)
  3. Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH (United States)
  4. Univ. of Victoria, BC (Canada); , Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON (Canada)
  5. Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
  6. Univ. of Leicester (United Kingdom)

The carbohydrate-rich coating of human tissues and cells provide a first point of contact for colonizing and invading bacteria. Commensurate with N-glycosylation being an abundant form of protein glycosylation that has critical functional roles in the host, some host-adapted bacteria possess the machinery to process N-linked glycans. The human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae depolymerizes complex N-glycans with enzymes that sequentially trim a complex N-glycan down to the Man3GlcNAc2 core prior to the release of the glycan from the protein by endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (EndoD), which cleaves between the two GlcNAc residues. Here we examine the capacity of S. pneumoniae to process high-mannose N-glycans and transport the products. Through biochemical and structural analyses we demonstrate that S. pneumoniae also possesses an α-(1,2)-mannosidase (SpGH92). This enzyme has the ability to trim the terminal α-(1,2)-linked mannose residues of high-mannose N-glycans to generate Man5GlcNAc2. Through this activity SpGH92 is able to produce a substrate for EndoD, which is not active on high-mannose glycans with α-(1,2)-linked mannose residues. Binding studies and X-ray crystallography show that NgtS, the solute binding protein of an ABC transporter (ABCNG), is able to bind Man5GlcNAc, a product of EndoD activity, with high affinity. Finally, we evaluated the contribution of EndoD and ABCNG to growth of S. pneumoniae on a model N-glycosylated glycoprotein, and the contribution of these enzymes and SpGH92 to virulence in a mouse model. We found that both EndoD and ABCNG contribute to growth of S. pneumoniae, but that only SpGH92 and EndoD contribute to virulence. Therefore, N-glycan processing, but not transport of the released glycan, is required for full virulence in S. pneumoniae. To conclude, we synthesize our findings into a model of N-glycan processing by S. pneumoniae in which both complex and high-mannose N-glycans are targeted, and in which the two arms of this degradation pathway converge at ABCNG.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515
OSTI ID:
1903992
Journal Information:
PLoS Pathogens, Journal Name: PLoS Pathogens Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 13; ISSN 1553-7374
Publisher:
Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (4)

A bioactive mammalian disaccharide associated with autoimmunity activates STING-TBK1-dependent immune response journal May 2019
The Human Lung Glycome Reveals Novel Glycan Ligands for Influenza A Virus journal March 2020
Unique Microbial Catabolic Pathway for the Human Core N -Glycan Constituent Fucosyl-α-1,6- N -Acetylglucosamine-Asparagine journal February 2020
Host-glycan metabolism is regulated by a species-conserved two-component system in Streptococcus pneumoniae journal March 2020

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