Eisenbud–Wigner–Smith time delay in atom–laser interactions

Deshmukh, P. C.; Banerjee, S.; Mandal, A.; Manson, S. T.

doi:10.1140/epjs/s11734-021-00225-7

Title: Eisenbud–Wigner–Smith time delay in atom–laser interactions

Journal Article · Mon Jul 26 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · European Physical Journal. Special Topics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-021-00225-7· OSTI ID:1903614

Deshmukh, P. C. ^[1]; Banerjee, S. ^[2]; Mandal, A. ^[3]; Manson, S. T. ^[4]

Indian Inst. of Technology (IIT), Tirupati (India); Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru (India)
Indian Inst. of Technology (IIT), Madras (India); TCG Centres for Research and Education in Science and Technology, Kolkata (India)
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (India)
Georgia State Univ., Atlanta, GA (United States)

We report recent development of ultrafast measurement techniques on the sub-femtosecond time scale has enabled us to see the atom–laser interaction in real time. One of the important observables to study the temporally resolved dynamics is the various time delay in the process. Time delays is an experimentally measurable quantity, where the time is not. Time delays in quantum collisions and in photoionization/photodetachment of atomic and molecular systems is reviewed. The formalisms of time delay in the context of quantum collisions by Eisenbud and Wigner that by Smith and their equivalence is discussed. The time-reversal symmetry between solutions with outgoing and ingoing wave boundary conditions allow us to interpret photoionization/photodetachment as half-scattering. Subsequently, the formalism of Eisenbud–Wigner–Smith time delay is extended in photoionization/photodetachment from collisions. We discuss that the time delay can be written as a self-adjoint quantum operator which depicts its measurability. On the experimental side, the measurement protocols are reviewed for attosecond streaking and RABBITT. Along with the EWS time delay, the measurement introduces an additional (which is negative) time delay. From the measurement of total delay and an analytical/numerical estimate of the measurement induced part, one gets the EWS time delay in the process. A few illustrative examples of studies on time delay are given to get a flavour of the outstanding advances made in this field in the last two decades.

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Research Organization:: Georgia State Univ., Atlanta, GA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-03ER15428

OSTI ID:: 1903614

Journal Information:: European Physical Journal. Special Topics, Vol. 230, Issue 23; ISSN 1951-6355

Publisher:: SpringerCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Eisenbud–Wigner–Smith time delay in atom–laser interactions

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