Anomalous Second Harmonic Generation from Atomically Thin MnBi2Te4

Fonseca, Jordan; Diederich, Geoffrey M.; Ovchinnikov, Dmitry; Cai, Jiaqi; Wang, Chong; Yan, Jiaqiang; Xiao, Di; Xu, Xiaodong

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04010

Anomalous Second Harmonic Generation from Atomically Thin MnBi₂Te₄

Journal Article · Wed Dec 07 04:00:00 EST 2022 · Nano Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04010· OSTI ID:1903291

^[1]; Diederich, Geoffrey M. ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[3]; Wang, Chong ^[4]; Yan, Jiaqiang ^[5]; Xiao, Di ^[6]; ^[6]

Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States; University of Washington
Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States; Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States
Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States
Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States

MnBi₂Te₄ is a van der Waals topological insulator with intrinsic intralayer ferromagnetic exchange and A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) interlayer coupling. Theoretically, it belongs to a class of structurally centrosymmetric crystals whose layered antiferromagnetic order breaks inversion symmetry for even layer numbers, making optical second harmonic generation (SHG) an ideal probe of the coupling between the crystal and magnetic structures. Here, we perform magnetic field and temperature dependent SHG measurements on MnBi₂Te₄ flakes ranging from bulk to monolayer thickness. We find that the dominant SHG signal from MnBi₂Te₄ is unexpectedly unrelated to both magnetic state and layer number. As a result, we suggest that surface SHG is the likely source of the observed strong SHG, whose symmetry matches that of the MnBi₂Te₄-vacuum interface. Our results highlight the importance of considering the surface contribution to inversion symmetry breaking in van der Waals centrosymmetric magnets.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012509; SC0019443

OSTI ID:: 1903291

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1909086

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Journal Name: Nano Letters Journal Issue: 24 Vol. 22; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (43)

Tunable Second Harmonic Generation in Twisted Bilayer Graphene Yang, Fuyi; Song, Wenshen; Meng, Fanhao Matter, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2020.08.018	journal	October 2020
Intertwined Topological and Magnetic Orders in Atomically Thin Chern Insulator MnBi ₂ Te ₄ Ovchinnikov, Dmitry; Huang, Xiong; Lin, Zhong Nano Letters, Vol. 21, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c05117	journal	March 2021
Magnetic Order and Symmetry in the 2D Semiconductor CrSBr Lee, Kihong; Dismukes, Avalon H.; Telford, Evan J. Nano Letters, Vol. 21, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00219	journal	April 2021
Magnetism and Its Structural Coupling Effects in 2D Ising Ferromagnetic Insulator VI₃ Lin, Zhong; Huang, Bevin; Hwangbo, Kyle Nano Letters, Vol. 21, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03027	journal	November 2021
Te-Vacancy-Induced Surface Collapse and Reconstruction in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi ₂ Te ₄ Hou, Fuchen; Yao, Qiushi; Zhou, Chun-Sheng ACS Nano, Vol. 14, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c03149	journal	August 2020
Probing Symmetry Properties of Few-Layer MoS ₂ and h-BN by Optical Second-Harmonic Generation Li, Yilei; Rao, Yi; Mak, Kin Fai Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl401561r	journal	June 2013
Second Harmonic Generation from Artificially Stacked Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Twisted Bilayers Hsu, Wei-Ting; Zhao, Zi-Ang; Li, Lain-Jong ACS Nano, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn500228r	journal	February 2014
Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit Huang, Bevin; Clark, Genevieve; Navarro-Moratalla, Efrén Nature, Vol. 546, Issue 7657 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22391	journal	June 2017
Directional interlayer spin-valley transfer in two-dimensional heterostructures Schaibley, John R.; Rivera, Pasqual; Yu, Hongyi Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13747	journal	December 2016
Magnetic-field-induced robust zero Hall plateau state in MnBi2Te4 Chern insulator Liu, Chang; Wang, Yongchao; Yang, Ming Nature Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25002-x	journal	July 2021
Electric control of a canted-antiferromagnetic Chern insulator Cai, Jiaqi; Ovchinnikov, Dmitry; Fei, Zaiyao Nature Communications, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29259-8	journal	March 2022
Switching 2D magnetic states via pressure tuning of layer stacking Song, Tiancheng; Fei, Zaiyao; Yankowitz, Matthew Nature Materials, Vol. 18, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0505-2	journal	October 2019
Pressure-controlled interlayer magnetism in atomically thin CrI3 Li, Tingxin; Jiang, Shengwei; Sivadas, Nikhil Nature Materials, Vol. 18, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0506-1	journal	October 2019
Robust axion insulator and Chern insulator phases in a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic topological insulator Liu, Chang; Wang, Yongchao; Li, Hao Nature Materials https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0573-3	journal	January 2020
Imaging the Néel vector switching in the monolayer antiferromagnet MnPSe3 with strain-controlled Ising order Ni, Zhuoliang; Haglund, A. V.; Wang, H. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 16, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-021-00885-5	journal	April 2021
Giant nonreciprocal second-harmonic generation from antiferromagnetic bilayer CrI3 Sun, Zeyuan; Yi, Yangfan; Song, Tiancheng Nature, Vol. 572, Issue 7770 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1445-3	journal	July 2019
Prediction and observation of an antiferromagnetic topological insulator Otrokov, M. M.; Klimovskikh, I. I.; Bentmann, H. Nature, Vol. 576, Issue 7787 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1840-9	journal	December 2019
Layer Hall effect in a 2D topological axion antiferromagnet Gao, Anyuan; Liu, Yu-Fei; Hu, Chaowei Nature, Vol. 595, Issue 7868 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03679-w	journal	July 2021
Nature of the Dirac gap modulation and surface magnetic interaction in axion antiferromagnetic topological insulator $${\hbox {MnBi}}_2 {\hbox {Te}}_4$$ Shikin, A. M.; Estyunin, D. A.; Klimovskikh, I. I. Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70089-9	journal	August 2020
Antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi ₂ Te ₄ : synthesis and magnetic properties Li, Hao; Liu, Shengsheng; Liu, Chang Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9CP05634C	journal	January 2020
Second harmonic generation in strained transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers: MoS ₂ , MoSe ₂ , WS ₂ , and WSe ₂ Mennel, Lukas; Paur, Matthias; Mueller, Thomas APL Photonics, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5051965	journal	March 2019
Pressure-Induced Topological and Structural Phase Transitions in an Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator* Pei, Cuiying; Xia, Yunyouyou; Wu, Jiazhen Chinese Physics Letters, Vol. 37, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/37/6/066401	journal	June 2020
High-Chern-number and high-temperature quantum Hall effect without Landau levels Ge, Jun; Liu, Yanzhao; Li, Jiaheng National Science Review, Vol. 7, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa089	journal	April 2020
Evolution of structural, magnetic, and transport properties in MnBi 2 − x Sb x Te 4 Yan, J. -Q.; Okamoto, S.; McGuire, M. A. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.104409	journal	September 2019
Crystal and magnetic structures of magnetic topological insulators MnBi 2 Te 4 and MnBi 4 Te 7 Ding, Lei; Hu, Chaowei; Ye, Feng Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.020412	journal	January 2020
Giant photogalvanic effect and second-harmonic generation in magnetic axion insulators Fei, Ruixiang; Song, Wenshen; Yang, Li Physical Review B, Vol. 102, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.035440	journal	July 2020
Experimental evidence for dissipationless transport of the chiral edge state of the high-field Chern insulator in MnBi2Te4 nanodevices Ying, Zhe; Zhang, Shuai; Chen, Bo Physical Review B, Vol. 105, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.085412	journal	February 2022
Theoretical and experimental study of second harmonic generation from the surface of the topological insulator Bi 2 Se 3 McIver, J. W.; Hsieh, D.; Drapcho, S. G. Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.035327	journal	July 2012
Observation of intense second harmonic generation from MoS 2 atomic crystals Malard, Leandro M.; Alencar, Thonimar V.; Barboza, Ana Paula M. Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.201401	journal	May 2013
Nonlinear Optical Probe of Tunable Surface Electrons on a Topological Insulator Hsieh, D.; McIver, J. W.; Torchinsky, D. H. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.057401	journal	February 2011
Unique Thickness-Dependent Properties of the van der Waals Interlayer Antiferromagnet MnBi 2 Te 4 Films Otrokov, M. M.; Rusinov, I. P.; Blanco-Rey, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.107202	journal	March 2019
Linear Magnetoelectric Phase in Ultrathin MnPS 3 Probed by Optical Second Harmonic Generation Chu, Hao; Roh, Chang Jae; Island, Joshua O. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 124, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.027601	journal	January 2020
Second Harmonic Generation and Magnetic-Dipole-Electric-Dipole Interference in Antiferromagnetic Cr 2 O 3 Fiebig, M.; Fröhlich, D.; Krichevtsov, B. B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 73, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.2127	journal	October 1994
Crystal growth and magnetic structure of MnBi 2 Te 4 Yan, J. -Q.; Zhang, Q.; Heitmann, T. Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.3.064202	journal	June 2019
Growth, characterization, and Chern insulator state in MnBi 2 Te 4 via the chemical vapor transport method Hu, Chaowei; Gao, Anyuan; Berggren, Bryan Stephen Physical Review Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.124206	journal	December 2021
Odd-Even Layer-Number Effect and Layer-Dependent Magnetic Phase Diagrams in MnBi 2 Te 4 Yang, Shiqi; Xu, Xiaolong; Zhu, Yaozheng Physical Review X, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.011003	journal	January 2021
Gapless Surface Dirac Cone in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi 2 Te 4 Hao, Yu-Jie; Liu, Pengfei; Feng, Yue Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.041038	journal	November 2019
Topological Electronic Structure and Its Temperature Evolution in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi 2 Te 4 Chen, Y. J.; Xu, L. X.; Li, J. H. Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.041040	journal	November 2019
Intrinsic magnetic topological insulators in van der Waals layered MnBi ₂ Te ₄ -family materials Li, Jiaheng; Li, Yang; Du, Shiqiao Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw5685	journal	June 2019
Enhanced tunable second harmonic generation from twistable interfaces and vertical superlattices in boron nitride homostructures Yao, Kaiyuan; Finney, Nathan R.; Zhang, Jin Science Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abe8691	journal	March 2021
Quantum anomalous Hall effect in intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi ₂ Te ₄ Deng, Yujun; Yu, Yijun; Shi, Meng Zhu Science, Vol. 367, Issue 6480 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax8156	journal	January 2020
Perspective–The Elusive Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in MnBi₂Te₄: Materials Yan, J. -Q. ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, Vol. 11, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ac70fc	journal	June 2022
Nonlocal Transport and One-dimensional Conduction in the Axion Insulator State of MnBi2Te4 Li, Yaoxin; Liu, Chang; Wang, Yongchao arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2105.10390	preprint	January 2021

Similar Records

Synthesis, Magnetic Properties, and Electronic Structure of Magnetic Topological Insulator MnBi₂Se₄

Journal Article · Mon Jun 07 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Nano Letters · OSTI ID:1807756

Related Subjects

2D magnets
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
centrosymmetric magnets
second harmonic generation
surface symmetry-breaking
topological magnets

Anomalous Second Harmonic Generation from Atomically Thin MnBi2Te4

Citation Formats

References (43)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Anomalous Second Harmonic Generation from Atomically Thin MnBi₂Te₄