Cooperative Activation of CO2 and Epoxide by a Heterobinuclear Al–Fe Complex via Radical Pair Mechanisms

Sinhababu, Soumen; Radzhabov, Maxim R.; Telser, Joshua; Mankad, Neal P.

doi:10.1021/jacs.1c13108

Title: Cooperative Activation of CO₂ and Epoxide by a Heterobinuclear Al–Fe Complex via Radical Pair Mechanisms

Journal Article · Mon Feb 14 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Journal of the American Chemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c13108· OSTI ID:1903194

^[1]; Radzhabov, Maxim R. ^[1];

^[2];

^[1]

Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)
Roosevelt Univ., Chicago, IL (United States)

Activation of inert molecules like CO₂ is often mediated by cooperative chemistry between two reactive sites within a catalytic assembly, the most common form of which is Lewis acid/base bifunctionality observed in both natural metalloenzymes and synthetic systems. Here, we disclose a heterobinuclear complex with an Al–Fe bond that instead activates CO₂ and other substrates through cooperative behavior of two radical intermediates. The complex L^dipp(Me)AlFp (2, L^dipp = HC{(CMe)(2,6-ⁱPr₂C₆H₃N)}₂, Fp = FeCp(CO)₂, Cp = η⁵-C₅H₅) was found to insert CO₂ and cyclohexene oxide, producing L^dippAl(Me)(μ:κ₂-O₂C)Fp (3) and L^dippAl(Me)(μ-OC₆H₁₀)Fp (4), respectively. Detailed mechanistic studies indicate unusual pathways in which (i) the Al–Fe bond dissociates homolytically to generate formally Al^II and Fe^I metalloradicals, then (ii) the metalloradicals add to substrate in a pairwise fashion initiated by O-coordination to Al. The accessibility of this unusual mechanism is aided, in part, by the redox noninnocent nature of L^dipp that stabilizes the formally Al^II intermediates, instead giving them predominantly Al^III-like physical character. The redox noninnocent nature of the radical intermediates was elucidated through direct observation of L^dippAl(Me)(OCPh₂) (22), a metalloradical species generated by addition of benzophenone to 2. Complex 22 was characterized by X-band EPR, Q-band EPR, and ENDOR spectroscopies as well as computational modeling. As a result, the “radical pair” pathway represents an unprecedented mechanism for CO₂ activation.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019342; SC0021055; R01 GM116820; NSF/CHE-1834750; AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1903194

Journal Information:: Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 144, Issue 7; ISSN 0002-7863

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (80)

The broadening reach of frustrated Lewis pair chemistry Stephan, D. W. Science, Vol. 354, Issue 6317 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf7229	journal	December 2016
Metal–Ligand Cooperation by Aromatization–Dearomatization: A New Paradigm in Bond Activation and “Green” Catalysis Gunanathan, Chidambaram; Milstein, David Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 44, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/ar2000265	journal	August 2011
Exploiting Metal–Ligand Bifunctional Reactions in the Design of Iron Asymmetric Hydrogenation Catalysts Morris, Robert H. Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 48, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00045	journal	April 2015
Bimetallic cooperation across the periodic table Campos, Jesús Nature Reviews Chemistry, Vol. 4, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-020-00226-5	journal	October 2020
Metal–Metal Bonds in Catalysis Powers, Ian G.; Uyeda, Christopher ACS Catalysis, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.6b02692	journal	December 2016
Multimetallic Catalysis Based on Heterometallic Complexes and Clusters Buchwalter, Paulin; Rosé, Jacky; Braunstein, Pierre Chemical Reviews, Vol. 115, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500208k	journal	November 2014
Carbon dioxide complexes: Bonding modes and synthetic methods Paparo, Albert; Okuda, Jun Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Vol. 334 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2016.06.005	journal	March 2017
Opportunities and Challenges for Catalysis in Carbon Dioxide Utilization Burkart, Michael D.; Hazari, Nilay; Tway, Cathy L. ACS Catalysis, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.9b02113	journal	July 2019
Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO ₂ Fixation Appel, Aaron M.; Bercaw, John E.; Bocarsly, Andrew B. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 113, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr300463y	journal	June 2013
The Organometallic Chemistry of Carbon Dioxide Gibson, Dorothy H. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 96, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr940212c	journal	January 1996
Carbon dioxide fixation: bifunctional complexes containing acidic and basic sites working as reversible carriers Gambarotta, Sandro; Arena, Francesco; Floriani, Carlo Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 104, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00383a015	journal	September 1982
Bifunctional activation of carbon dioxide. Synthesis and structure of a reversible carbon dioxide carrier Fachinetti, Giuseppe; Floriani, Carlo; Zanazzi, Pier Francesco Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 100, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00491a045	journal	November 1978
Reaction of Carbon Dioxide and Heterocumulenes with an Unsymmetrical Metal-Metal Bond. Direct Addition of Carbon Dioxide across a Zirconium-Iridium Bond and Stoichiometric Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formate Hanna, Tracy A.; Baranger, Anne M.; Bergman, Robert G. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 117, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00150a044	journal	November 1995
Activation of CO ₂ by a Heterobimetallic Zr/Co Complex Krogman, Jeremy P.; Foxman, Bruce M.; Thomas, Christine M. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 133, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja2071847	journal	September 2011
Reversible Metal-Free Carbon Dioxide Binding by Frustrated Lewis Pairs Mömming, Cornelia M.; Otten, Edwin; Kehr, Gerald Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 48, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200901636	journal	August 2009
Role of Ligand-Bound CO ₂ in the Hydrogenation of CO ₂ to Formate with a (PNP)Mn Catalyst Schlenker, Kevin; Christensen, Elizabeth G.; Zhanserkeev, Asylbek A. ACS Catalysis, Vol. 11, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.1c01709	journal	June 2021
Strongly Polarized Iridium ^δ− –Aluminum ^δ+ Pairs: Unconventional Reactivity Patterns Including CO ₂ Cooperative Reductive Cleavage Escomel, Léon; Del Rosal, Iker; Maron, Laurent Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 143, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c01725	journal	March 2021
Crystal Structure of a Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase Reveals a [Ni-4Fe-5S] Cluster Dobbek, H. Science, Vol. 293, Issue 5533 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061500	journal	August 2001
Cooperative Strategies for Catalytic Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Karunananda, Malkanthi K.; Mankad, Neal P. ACS Catalysis, Vol. 7, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b02203	journal	August 2017
Mechanisms for CO Production from CO ₂ Using Reduced Rhenium Tricarbonyl Catalysts Agarwal, Jay; Fujita, Etsuko; Schaefer, Henry F. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 134, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja2105834	journal	March 2012
A Radical Mechanism for Frustrated Lewis Pair Reactivity Liu, Liu (Leo); Cao, Levy L.; Shao, Yue Chem, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2017.05.022	journal	August 2017
Frustrated Radical Pairs: Insights from EPR Spectroscopy Dasgupta, Ayan; Richards, Emma; Melen, Rebecca L. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 60, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202010633	journal	November 2020
H2 and carbon-heteroatom bond activation mediated by polarized heterobimetallic complexes Charles, R. Malcolm; Brewster, Timothy P. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Vol. 433 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213765	journal	April 2021
Selective Reduction of CO ₂ to a Formate Equivalent with Heterobimetallic Gold- - -Copper Hydride Complexes Hicken, Alexandra; White, Andrew J. P.; Crimmin, Mark R. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 56, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201709072	journal	October 2017
Selectivity Effects in Bimetallic Catalysis Mankad, Neal P. Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 22, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201505002	journal	February 2016
Catalyst Control of Selectivity in CO ₂ Reduction Using a Tunable Heterobimetallic Effect Bagherzadeh, Sharareh; Mankad, Neal P. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 137, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b05692	journal	August 2015
Paramagnetic Metal–Metal Bonded Heterometallic Complexes Chipman, Jill A.; Berry, John F. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 120, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00540	journal	February 2020
Main-group elements as transition metals Power, Philip P. Nature, Vol. 463, Issue 7278 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08634	journal	January 2010
Unexpected B/Al Transelementation within a Rh Pincer Complex Lai, Qingheng; Bhuvanesh, Nattamai; Ozerov, Oleg V. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 142, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c09344	journal	December 2020
Rhodium Complexes Bearing PAlP Pincer Ligands Hara, Naofumi; Saito, Teruhiko; Semba, Kazuhiko Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 140, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b04199	journal	May 2018
Addition of aluminium, zinc and magnesium hydrides to rhodium( iii ) Ekkert, Olga; White, Andrew J. P.; Toms, Harold Chemical Science, Vol. 6, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5SC01309G	journal	January 2015
Ni complexes of an alane/tris(phosphine) ligand built around a strongly Lewis acidic tris( N -pyrrolyl)aluminum Lai, Qingheng; Cosio, Mario N.; Ozerov, Oleg V. Chemical Communications, Vol. 56, Issue 94 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CC05452F	journal	January 2020
Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Structure of (tmp) ₂ Al−Fe(cp)(CO) ₂ : An Alanyl-Containing Iron Complex with a Tricoordinated Aluminum Atom Anand, B. N.; Krossing, Ingo; Nöth, Heinrich Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic970110f	journal	April 1997
Molecular Structure of [CpFe(CO) ₂ ] ₂ AlAr (Ar = 2-[(Dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl): An Alanediyl Complex with Two Fe−Al Bonds Braunschweig, Holger; Müller, Jens; Ganter, Beate Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 35, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic960471f	journal	January 1996
Molecular Complexes Featuring Unsupported Dispersion-Enhanced Aluminum–Copper and Gallium–Copper Bonds Mears, Kristian L.; Stennett, Cary R.; Taskinen, Elina K. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 142, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c10099	journal	November 2020
Ambiphilic Al−Cu Bonding Liu, Han‐Ying; Schwamm, Ryan J.; Hill, Michael S. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 60, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202104658	journal	May 2021
Metal–Alane Adducts with Zero-Valent Nickel, Cobalt, and Iron Rudd, P. Alex; Liu, Shengsi; Gagliardi, Laura Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 133, Issue 51 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja2099744	journal	December 2011
1 ^st row transition metal aluminylene complexes: preparation, properties and bonding analysis Kong, Richard Y.; Crimmin, Mark R. Dalton Transactions, Vol. 50, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1039/D1DT01415C	journal	January 2021
A nucleophilic gold complex Hicks, Jamie; Mansikkamäki, Akseli; Vasko, Petra Nature Chemistry, Vol. 11, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-018-0198-1	journal	January 2019
Reactivity of a Gold-Aluminyl Complex with Carbon Dioxide: A Nucleophilic Gold? Sorbelli, Diego; Belpassi, Leonardo; Belanzoni, Paola Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 143, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c06728	journal	September 2021
Coinage metal aluminyl complexes: probing regiochemistry and mechanism in the insertion and reduction of carbon dioxide McManus, Caitilín; Hicks, Jamie; Cui, Xianlu Chemical Science, Vol. 12, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1039/D1SC04676D	journal	January 2021
Probing the Extremes of Covalency in M−Al bonds: Lithium and Zinc Aluminyl Compounds Roy, Matthew M. D.; Hicks, Jamie; Vasko, Petra Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 60, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202109416	journal	September 2021
Transition-Metal-Substituted Alanes: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies and the Structure of (.eta.5-C5H5)(CO)2Fe-Al[(CH2)3NMe2](iBu) Fischer, Roland A.; Priermeier, Thomas Organometallics, Vol. 13, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/om00023a038	journal	November 1994
Synthesis and characterisation of complexes of Group 13 metal amidinate heterocycles with the CpFe(CO)2 fragment Jones, Cameron; Aldridge, Simon; Gans-Eichler, Timo Dalton Transactions, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1039/b611758a	journal	January 2006
Salt metathesis for the synthesis of M–Al and M–H–Al bonds Riddlestone, Ian M.; Urbano, Juan; Phillips, Nicholas Dalton Trans., Vol. 42, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/C2DT31974H	journal	January 2013
Dibromometallyl-iron complexes generated by the recombination of an alumanyl-iron complex with EBr ₃ (E = Al, Ga) Yanagisawa, Tatsuya; Mizuhata, Yoshiyuki; Tokitoh, Norihiro Heteroatom Chemistry, Vol. 29, Issue 5-6 https://doi.org/10.1002/hc.21465	journal	December 2018
Synthesis and Structure of an Iron-Bromoalumanyl Complex with a Tri-Coordinated Aluminum Center Agou, Tomohiro; Yanagisawa, Tatsuya; Sasamori, Takahiro Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, Vol. 89, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.20160151	journal	October 2016
[(η5-C5Me5)AlFe(CO)4]—Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding Weiss, Jurij; Stetzkamp, Dana; Nuber, Bernhard Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, Vol. 36, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199700701	journal	February 1997
A Powerful Aluminum Catalyst for the Synthesis of Highly Functional Organic Carbonates Whiteoak, Christopher J.; Kielland, Nicola; Laserna, Victor Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja311053h	journal	January 2013
Carbon dioxide insertion into the iron-zirconium and ruthenium-zirconium bonds of the heterobimetallic complexes Cp(CO)2MZr(Cl)Cp2: direct production of the .mu.-.eta.1(C):.eta.2(O,O')-CO2 compounds Cp(CO)2MCO2Zr(Cl)Cp2 Pinkes, John R.; Steffey, Bryan D.; Vites, Jose C. Organometallics, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/om00013a009	journal	January 1994
Carbonylative, Catalytic Deoxygenation of 2,3-Disubstituted Epoxides with Inversion of Stereochemistry: An Alternative Alkene Isomerization Method Lamb, Jessica R.; Hubbell, Aran K.; MacMillan, Samantha N. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 142, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c02653	journal	April 2020
Insertion of XCY heteroallenes into unsupported Zr–M bonds (M = Fe, Ru) Memmler, Harald; Kauper, Uta; Gade, Lutz H. Chem. Commun., Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1039/CC9960001751	journal	January 1996
Bromopropyldicarbonyl(η ⁵ -pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iron(II) Friedrich, Holger B.; Onani, Martin O.; Rademeyer, Melanie Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, Vol. 60, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536804007962	journal	April 2004
Migratory Aptitude of the Zr-C Functionalities Bonded to a Macrocyclic Structure: Thermally- and Solvent-Assisted Intra- and Intermolecular Migrations in Dialkyl(dibenzotetramethyltetraazaannulene)zirconium(IV) Giannini, Luca; Solari, Euro; De Angelis, Stefania Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 117, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00126a019	journal	May 1995
On the non-innocence of “Nacnacs”: ligand-based reactivity in β-diketiminate supported coordination compounds Camp, Clément; Arnold, John Dalton Transactions, Vol. 45, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6DT02013E	journal	January 2016
Natural hybrid orbitals Foster, J. P.; Weinhold, F. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 102, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00544a007	journal	September 1980
Natural bond orbital analysis of near‐Hartree–Fock water dimer Reed, Alan E.; Weinhold, Frank The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 78, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.445134	journal	March 1983
A quantum theory of molecular structure and its applications Bader, Richard F. W. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 91, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00005a013	journal	July 1991
Properties of atoms in molecules: Atomic polarizabilities Laidig, Keith E.; Bader, Richard F. W. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 93, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.459444	journal	November 1990
Heterobimetallic Complexes with Polar, Unsupported Cu–Fe and Zn–Fe Bonds Stabilized by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Jayarathne, Upul; Mazzacano, Thomas J.; Bagherzadeh, Sharareh Organometallics, Vol. 32, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1021/om400471u	journal	July 2013
Application of the pople-santry-segal CNDO method to the cyclopropylcarbinyl and cyclobutyl cation and to bicyclobutane Wiberg, K. B. Tetrahedron, Vol. 24, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(68)88057-3	journal	January 1968
Symmetry decomposition of quantum chemical bond orders Sizova, Olga V.; Skripnikov, Leonid V.; Sokolov, Alexander Yu. Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM, Vol. 870, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theochem.2008.08.021	journal	December 2008
Carbon Dioxide Complexation: Infrared Spectroscopy of Iron and Ruthenium η ⁵ -Cyclopentadienyl Carbonyl Metallocarboxylates Pinkes, John R.; Masi, Christopher J.; Chiulli, Robert Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic960009v	journal	January 1997
A Linear, O-Coordinated 1-CO2 Bound to Uranium Castro-Rodriguez, I. Science, Vol. 305, Issue 5691 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1102602	journal	September 2004
CO2 reduction by Fe(i): solvent control of C–O cleavage versus C–C coupling Saouma, Caroline T.; Lu, Connie C.; Day, Michael W. Chemical Science, Vol. 4, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3sc51262b	journal	January 2013
Reversible Reductive Elimination in Aluminum(II) Dihydrides Falconer, Rosalyn L.; Nichol, Gary S.; Smolyar, Ivan V. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 60, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202011418	journal	November 2020
Stoichiometric C═O Bond Oxidative Addition of Benzophenone by a Discrete Radical Intermediate To Form a Cobalt(I) Carbene Marquard, Seth L.; Bezpalko, Mark W.; Foxman, Bruce M. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja4022683	journal	April 2013
A CW-EPR, ENDOR and special TRIPLE resonance study of a novel magnesium ketyl radical: EPR and ENDOR of Mg-ketyl radical Murphy, Damien M.; McDyre, Lucia E.; Carter, Emma Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, Vol. 49, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrc.2721	journal	January 2011
Tumbling of an adsorbed nitroxide using rapid adiabatic passage Mailer, Colin; Hoffman, Brian M. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 80, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/j100549a015	journal	April 1976
Rapid adiabatic passage EPR of ferricytochrome : Signal enhancement and determination of the spin-lattice relaxation time Mailer, Colin; Taylor, C. P. S. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure, Vol. 322, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2795(73)90293-6	journal	October 1973
The Role of Microwave Frequency in EPR Spectroscopy of Copper Complexes Hyde, J. S.; Froncisz, W. Annual Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bb.11.060182.002135	journal	June 1982
A Stable Neutral Radical in the Coordination Sphere of Aluminum Li, Bin; Kundu, Subrata; Stückl, A. Claudia Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 56, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201609101	journal	December 2016
Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene-Stabilized Aluminum and Gallium Radicals Based on Amidinate Scaffolds Siddiqui, Mujahuddin M.; Banerjee, Samya; Bose, Sanjoy Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 59, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01913	journal	August 2020
Metal Bonding with 3d and 6d Orbitals: An EPR and ENDOR Spectroscopic Investigation of Ti ³⁺ –Al and Th ³⁺ –Al Heterobimetallic Complexes Rao, Guodong; Altman, Alison B.; Brown, Alexandra C. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 58, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00720	journal	June 2019
Atomic parameters for paramagnetic resonance data Morton, J. R.; Preston, K. F. Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969), Vol. 30, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2364(78)90284-6	journal	June 1978
Toward reliable density functional methods without adjustable parameters: The PBE0 model Adamo, Carlo; Barone, Vincenzo The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 110, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.478522	journal	April 1999
Effect of the damping function in dispersion corrected density functional theory Grimme, Stefan; Ehrlich, Stephan; Goerigk, Lars Journal of Computational Chemistry, Vol. 32, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21759	journal	March 2011
Balanced basis sets of split valence, triple zeta valence and quadruple zeta valence quality for H to Rn: Design and assessment of accuracy Weigend, Florian; Ahlrichs, Reinhart Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 18, p. 3297-3305 https://doi.org/10.1039/b508541a	journal	January 2005
Universal Solvation Model Based on Solute Electron Density and on a Continuum Model of the Solvent Defined by the Bulk Dielectric Constant and Atomic Surface Tensions Marenich, Aleksandr V.; Cramer, Christopher J.; Truhlar, Donald G. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 113, Issue 18, p. 6378-6396 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp810292n	journal	May 2009
Multiwfn: A multifunctional wavefunction analyzer Lu, Tian; Chen, Feiwu Journal of Computational Chemistry, Vol. 33, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.22885	journal	December 2011

Linked Research (4)

Similar Records

Controlled Assembly of Heterobinuclear Sites on Mesoporous Silica: Visible Light Charge-Transfer Units with Selectable Redox Properties

Journal Article · Wed Jun 04 00:00:00 EDT 2008 · Journal of Physical Chemistry C · OSTI ID:1903194

Frei, Heinz; Han, Hongxian; Frei, Heinz

Heterobinuclear Light Absorber Coupled to Molecular Wire for Charge Transport across Ultrathin Silica Membrane for Artificial Photosynthesis

Journal Article · Mon Aug 27 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces · OSTI ID:1903194

Katsoukis, Georgios; Frei, Heinz

Syntheses and electronic structures of decamethylmetallocenes

Technical Report · Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1981 · OSTI ID:1903194

Robbins, J L

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Aromatic compounds
Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
Hydrocarbons
Organic compounds
Oxides

CCDC 2100519: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Soumen, Sinhababu,; R., Radzhabov, Maxim; Joshua, Telser, https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc28hrp7 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2022
CCDC 2100520: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Soumen, Sinhababu,; R., Radzhabov, Maxim; Joshua, Telser, https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc28hrq8 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2022
CCDC 2100523: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Soumen, Sinhababu,; R., Radzhabov, Maxim; Joshua, Telser, https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc28hrtc The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2022
CCDC 2100525: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Soumen, Sinhababu,; R., Radzhabov, Maxim; Joshua, Telser, https://doi.org/10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc28hrwf The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2022

Title: Cooperative Activation of CO2 and Epoxide by a Heterobinuclear Al–Fe Complex via Radical Pair Mechanisms

Citation Formats

References (80)

Linked Research (4)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Title: Cooperative Activation of CO₂ and Epoxide by a Heterobinuclear Al–Fe Complex via Radical Pair Mechanisms