How Should Researchers Measure Perovskite-Based Monolithic Multijunction Solar Cells’ Performance? A Calibration Lab's Perspective

Song, Tao; Mack, Charles; Williams, Rafell; Friedman, Daniel J.; Kopidakis, Nikos

doi:10.1002/solr.202200800

How Should Researchers Measure Perovskite-Based Monolithic Multijunction Solar Cells’ Performance? A Calibration Lab's Perspective

Journal Article · Tue Oct 25 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Solar RRL

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202200800· OSTI ID:1903767

Song, Tao ^[1]; Mack, Charles ^[1]; Williams, Rafell ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Perovskite multijunctions (PVSK MJs) have made remarkable progress with monolithic PVSK/PVSK tandems surpassing the efficiency of single-junction (1 J) PVSK cells and PVSK/Si cells reported to exceed the 30% efficiency mark. These efficiencies are reported at standard test conditions (STC), established by the photovoltaic (PV) community to facilitate comparison between devices and technologies. Herein, it is discussed why an accurate STC performance measurement for a MJ is more complicated than for a 1 J cell and the special aspects to be considered when measuring the current-voltage characteristics and the performance of PVSK-containing MJ cells are emphasized. It is discussed why a spectrally adjustable solar simulator is needed and the sequence of accurate performance measurement, namely measurement of the spectral response of each junction, adjustment of the spectrum, and appropriate protocols for measuring the power output of the device at STC, is presented. For all these, common errors and pitfalls that sometime lead to misleading interpretation of the results are presented, and the methods to evaluate the accuracy of the data when a spectrally adjustable solar simulator is not available are recommended. Finally, first step is taken toward recommending performance measurement approaches when high throughput is required as will eventually be in a production line.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1903767

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1903074

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5900-84042; MainId:84815; UUID:4f7c08d3-5ebd-4765-86c2-a7d04dc31bb7; MainAdminID:68222

Journal Information:: Solar RRL, Journal Name: Solar RRL Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 6; ISSN 2367-198X

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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