Identification of Grand-design and Flocculent spirals from SDSS using deep convolutional neural network

Sarkar, Suman; Narayanan, Ganesh; Banerjee, Arunima; Prakash, Prem

doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3096

Identification of Grand-design and Flocculent spirals from SDSS using deep convolutional neural network

Journal Article · Thu Oct 27 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3096· OSTI ID:1899230

; Narayanan, Ganesh; Banerjee, Arunima; Prakash, Prem

ABSTRACT

Spiral galaxies can be classified into the Grand-designs and Flocculents based on the nature of their spiral arms. The Grand-designs exhibit almost continuous and high contrast spiral arms and are believed to be driven by stationary density waves, while the Flocculents have patchy and low-contrast spiral features and are primarily stochastic in origin. We train a deep convolutional neural network model to classify spirals into Grand-designs and Flocculents, with a testing accuracy of $$\mathrm{97.2{{\ \rm per\ cent}}}$$. We then use the above model for classifying 1354 spirals from the SDSS. Out of these, 721 were identified as Flocculents, and the rest as Grand-designs. Interestingly, we find the mean asymptotic rotational velocities of our newly classified Grand-designs and Flocculents are 218 ± 86 and 146 ± 67 km s−1, respectively, indicating that the Grand-designs are mostly the high-mass and the Flocculents the intermediate-mass spirals. This is further corroborated by the observation that the mean morphological indices of the Grand-designs and Flocculents are 2.6 ± 1.8 and 4.7 ± 1.9, respectively, implying that the Flocculents primarily consist of a late-type galaxy population in contrast to the Grand-designs. Finally, an almost equal fraction of bars ∼0.3 in both the classes of spiral galaxies reveals that the presence of a bar component does not regulate the type of spiral arm hosted by a galaxy. Our results may have important implications for formation and evolution of spiral arms in galaxies.

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Research Organization:: US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States). Office of Science, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1899230

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2425194

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 518; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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