Long-term trends of impacts of global gasoline and diesel emissions on ambient PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution and the related health burden for 2000–2015

Journal Article · Thu Oct 06 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Environmental Research Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9422· OSTI ID:1897525

Xiong, Ying ^[1]; Partha, Debatosh ^[1]; Prime, Noah S. ^[2]; Smith, Steven J. ^[2]; Mariscal, Noribeth ^[1]; Salah, Halima ^[1]; Huang, Yaoxian ^[1]

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1. Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI (United States)
2. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), College Park, MD (United States)

Global economic development and urbanization during the past two decades have driven the increases in demand of personal and commercial vehicle fleets, especially in developing countries, which has likely resulted in changes in year-to-year vehicle tailpipe emissions associated with aerosols and trace gases. However, long-term trends of impacts of global gasoline and diesel emissions on air quality and human health are not clear. In this study, we employ the Community Earth System Model in conjunction with the newly developed Community Emissions Data System as anthropogenic emission inventory to quantify the long-term trends of impacts of global gasoline and diesel emissions on ambient air quality and human health for the period of 2000–2015. Global gasoline and diesel emissions contributed to regional increases in annual mean surface PM_2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm) concentrations by up to 17.5 and 13.7 µg m^–3, and surface ozone (O₃) concentrations by up to 7.1 and 7.2 ppbv, respectively, for 2000–2015. However, we also found substantial declines of surface PM_2.5 and O₃ concentrations over Europe, the US, Canada, and China for the same period, which suggested the co-benefits of air quality and human health from improving gasoline and diesel fuel quality and tightening vehicle emissions standards. Globally, we estimate the mean annual total PM_2.5- and O₃-induced premature deaths are 139 700–170 700 for gasoline and 205 200–309 300 for diesel, with the corresponding years of life lost of 2.74–3.47 and 4.56–6.52 million years, respectively. Diesel and gasoline emissions create health-effect disparities between the developed and developing countries, which are likely to aggravate afterwards.

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• Grant/Contract Number: AC05-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 1897525
• Report Number(s): PNNL-SA-178796
• Journal Information: Environmental Research Letters, Journal Name: Environmental Research Letters Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 17; ISSN 1748-9326
• Publisher: IOP Publishing
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES