Simplified interconnection structure based on C60/SnO2-x for all-perovskite tandem solar cells

Yu, Zhenhua; Yang, Zhibin; Ni, Zhenyi; Shao, Yuchuan; Chen, Bo; Lin, Yuze; Wei, Haotong; Yu, Zhengshan J.; Holman, Zachary; Huang, Jinsong

doi:10.1038/s41560-020-0657-y

Simplified interconnection structure based on C₆₀/SnO_2-x for all-perovskite tandem solar cells

Journal Article · Mon Jul 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Nature Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-020-0657-y· OSTI ID:1645622

Yu, Zhenhua ^[1]; Yang, Zhibin ^[2]; Ni, Zhenyi ^[2]; Shao, Yuchuan ^[2]; Chen, Bo ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[3]; Holman, Zachary ^[3]; ^[4]

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States); Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (United States)
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States)
Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States)

The efficiencies of all-perovskite tandem devices are improving quickly. However, their complex interconnection layer (ICL) structures – with typically four or more layers deposited by different processes – limit their prospects for applications. Here, we report an ICL in all-perovskite tandem cells consisting merely of a fullerene layer and a SnO_2-x (060 layer is unintentionally n-doped by iodine ions from the perovskite and thus acts as an effective electron collecting layer. The SnO_2-x layer, formed by the incomplete oxidization of tin (x=1.76), has ambipolar carrier transport property enabled by the presence of a large density of Sn²⁺. The C₆₀/SnO_1.76 ICL forms Ohmic contacts with both wide and narrow bandgap perovskite subcells with low contact resistivity. The ICL boosts the efficiencies of small-area tandem cells (5.9 mm²) and large-area tandem cells (1.15 cm²) to 24.4% and 22.2%, respectively. Lastly, the tandem cells remain 94% of its initial efficiency after continues 1-sun illumination for 1,000 hours.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0008749

OSTI ID:: 1645622

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1894780
OSTI ID: 1693431

Journal Information:: Nature Energy, Journal Name: Nature Energy Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 5; ISSN 2058-7546

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (49)

Improving the Extraction of Photogenerated Electrons with SnO ₂ Nanocolloids for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Rao, Hua-Shang; Chen, Bai-Xue; Li, Wen-Guang Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201501264	journal	November 2015
A Metal-Oxide Interconnection Layer for Polymer Tandem Solar Cells with an Inverted Architecture Chou, Cheng-Hsuan; Kwan, Wei Lek; Hong, Ziruo Advanced Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201001033	journal	September 2010
Ambipolar Oxide Thin-Film Transistor Nomura, Kenji; Kamiya, Toshio; Hosono, Hideo Advanced Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201101410	journal	July 2011
Doping of Fullerenes via Anion-Induced Electron Transfer and Its Implication for Surfactant Facilitated High Performance Polymer Solar Cells Li, Chang-Zhi; Chueh, Chu-Chen; Ding, Feizhi Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201300580	journal	June 2013
Recent Developments in p-Type Oxide Semiconductor Materials and Devices Wang, Zhenwei; Nayak, Pradipta K.; Caraveo-Frescas, Jesus A. Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201503080	journal	February 2016
High-Performance Polymer Tandem Solar Cells Employing a New n-Type Conjugated Polymer as an Interconnecting Layer Zhang, Kai; Gao, Ke; Xia, Ruoxi Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201506270	journal	April 2016
Enhanced Efficiency and Stability of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Using Highly Crystalline SnO ₂ Nanocrystals as the Robust Electron-Transporting Layer Zhu, Zonglong; Bai, Yang; Liu, Xiao Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201600619	journal	May 2016
Indium-Free Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Impermeable Tin-Oxide Electron Extraction Layers Hu, Ting; Becker, Tim; Pourdavoud, Neda Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201606656	journal	May 2017
Effective Carrier-Concentration Tuning of SnO ₂ Quantum Dot Electron-Selective Layers for High-Performance Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Yang, Guang; Chen, Cong; Yao, Fang Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201706023	journal	February 2018
Exploring the Stability of Novel Wide Bandgap Perovskites by a Robot Based High Throughput Approach Chen, Shi; Hou, Yi; Chen, Haiwei Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201701543	journal	October 2017
Reducing Saturation-Current Density to Realize High-Efficiency Low-Bandgap Mixed Tin-Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells Li, Chongwen; Song, Zhaoning; Zhao, Dewei Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201803135	journal	November 2018
Tin monoxide as an s-orbital-based p-type oxide semiconductor: Electronic structures and TFT application Ogo, Yoichi; Hiramatsu, Hidenori; Nomura, Kenji physica status solidi (a), Vol. 206, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200881792	journal	September 2009
Enabling Flexible All-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells Palmstrom, Axel F.; Eperon, Giles E.; Leijtens, Tomas Joule, Vol. 3, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2019.05.009	journal	September 2019
Low-temperature processed inorganic hole transport layer for efficient and stable mixed Pb-Sn low-bandgap perovskite solar cells Han, Qiaolei; Wei, Ying; Lin, Renxing Science Bulletin, Vol. 64, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2019.08.002	journal	October 2019
C ₆₀ as an Efficient n-Type Compact Layer in Perovskite Solar Cells Wojciechowski, Konrad; Leijtens, Tomas; Siprova, Svetlana The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00902	journal	June 2015
Halide Perovskites for Tandem Solar Cells Lee, Jin-Wook; Hsieh, Yao-Tsung; De Marco, Nicholas The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00374	journal	April 2017
Blue-Green Color Tunable Solution Processable Organolead Chloride–Bromide Mixed Halide Perovskites for Optoelectronic Applications Sadhanala, Aditya; Ahmad, Shahab; Zhao, Baodan Nano Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02369	journal	August 2015
Compositional Engineering for Efficient Wide Band Gap Perovskites with Improved Stability to Photoinduced Phase Segregation Bush, Kevin A.; Frohna, Kyle; Prasanna, Rohit ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01255	journal	January 2018
Anomalous Band Gap Behavior in Mixed Sn and Pb Perovskites Enables Broadening of Absorption Spectrum in Solar Cells Hao, Feng; Stoumpos, Constantinos C.; Chang, Robert P. H. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 136, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja5033259	journal	May 2014
Band Gap Engineering of SnO ₂ by Epitaxial Strain: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations Zhou, Wei; Liu, Yanyu; Yang, Yuzhe The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 118, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp500546r	journal	March 2014
Energetic and Electronic Structure Analysis of Intrinsic Defects in SnO ₂ Godinho, Kate G.; Walsh, Aron; Watson, Graeme W. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 113, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp807753t	journal	December 2008
Enhancing stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells with crosslinkable silane-functionalized and doped fullerene Bai, Yang; Dong, Qingfeng; Shao, Yuchuan Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12806	journal	October 2016
Defect passivation in hybrid perovskite solar cells using quaternary ammonium halide anions and cations Zheng, Xiaopeng; Chen, Bo; Dai, Jun Nature Energy, Vol. 2, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.102	journal	June 2017
Low-bandgap mixed tin–lead iodide perovskite absorbers with long carrier lifetimes for all-perovskite tandem solar cells Zhao, Dewei; Yu, Yue; Wang, Changlei Nature Energy, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.18	journal	March 2017
23.6%-efficient monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with improved stability Bush, Kevin A.; Palmstrom, Axel F.; Yu, Zhengshan J. Nature Energy, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.9	journal	February 2017
Solvent engineering for high-performance inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite solar cells Jeon, Nam Joong; Noh, Jun Hong; Kim, Young Chan Nature Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 9, p. 897-903 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4014	journal	July 2014
Tandem polymer solar cells featuring a spectrally matched low-bandgap polymer Dou, Letian; You, Jingbi; Yang, Jun Nature Photonics, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2011.356	journal	February 2012
Enhancing electron diffusion length in narrow-bandgap perovskites for efficient monolithic perovskite tandem solar cells Yang, Zhibin; Yu, Zhenhua; Wei, Haotong Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12513-x	journal	October 2019
Efficient two-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells enabled by high-quality low-bandgap absorber layers Zhao, Dewei; Chen, Cong; Wang, Changlei Nature Energy, Vol. 3, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0278-x	journal	November 2018
Monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells with 24.8% efficiency exploiting comproportionation to suppress Sn(ii) oxidation in precursor ink Lin, Renxing; Xiao, Ke; Qin, Zhengyuan Nature Energy, Vol. 4, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0466-3	journal	September 2019
Design of low bandgap tin–lead halide perovskite solar cells to achieve thermal, atmospheric and operational stability Prasanna, Rohit; Leijtens, Tomas; Dunfield, Sean P. Nature Energy, Vol. 4, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0471-6	journal	October 2019
Perovskite/polymer monolithic hybrid tandem solar cells utilizing a low-temperature, full solution process Chen, Chun-Chao; Bae, Sang-Hoon; Chang, Wei-Hsuan Materials Horizons, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4MH00237G	journal	January 2015
Highly efficient planar perovskite solar cells through band alignment engineering Correa Baena, Juan Pablo; Steier, Ludmilla; Tress, Wolfgang Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 8, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE02608C	journal	January 2015
Hysteresis-free low-temperature-processed planar perovskite solar cells with 19.1% efficiency Yoon, Heetae; Kang, Seong Min; Lee, Jong-Kwon Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EE01037G	journal	January 2016
Halide anion–fullerene π noncovalent interactions: n-doping and a halide anion migration mechanism in p–i–n perovskite solar cells Sun, X.; Ji, L. Y.; Chen, W. W. J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 5, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA06335K	journal	January 2017
Structural design principles for low hole effective mass s-orbital-based p-type oxides Ha, Viet-Anh; Ricci, Francesco; Rignanese, Gian-Marco Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 5, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TC00528H	journal	January 2017
Tin–lead halide perovskites with improved thermal and air stability for efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells Leijtens, Tomas; Prasanna, Rohit; Bush, Kevin A. Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 2, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8SE00314A	journal	January 2018
Formamidinium lead trihalide: a broadly tunable perovskite for efficient planar heterojunction solar cells Eperon, Giles E.; Stranks, Samuel D.; Menelaou, Christopher Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43822h	journal	January 2014
Unstable intermediates. Part CXXXV. The formation of Sn3+ and Pb3+ centres in irradiated tin and lead salts, and their electron spin resonance parameters Booth, Robert J.; Starkie, Haydn C.; Symons, Martyn C. R. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1039/dt9730002233	journal	January 1973
Ambipolar doping in SnO Varley, J. B.; Schleife, A.; Janotti, A. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4819068	journal	August 2013
Qualifying composition dependent p and n self-doping in CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ Wang, Qi; Shao, Yuchuan; Xie, Haipeng Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4899051	journal	October 2014
First-principles calculations of native defects in tin monoxide Togo, A.; Oba, F.; Tanaka, I. Physical Review B, Vol. 74, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.74.195128	journal	November 2006
Origins of Coexistence of Conductivity and Transparency in SnO 2 Kılıç, Çetin; Zunger, Alex Physical Review Letters, Vol. 88, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.095501	journal	February 2002
A mixed-cation lead mixed-halide perovskite absorber for tandem solar cells McMeekin, D. P.; Sadoughi, G.; Rehman, W. Science, Vol. 351, Issue 6269 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad5845	journal	January 2016
Perovskite-perovskite tandem photovoltaics with optimized band gaps Eperon, Giles E.; Leijtens, Tomas; Bush, Kevin A. Science, Vol. 354, Issue 6314 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf9717	journal	October 2016
High-performance perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se ₂ monolithic tandem solar cells Han, Qifeng; Hsieh, Yao-Tsung; Meng, Lei Science, Vol. 361, Issue 6405 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat5055	journal	August 2018
Carrier lifetimes of >1 μs in Sn-Pb perovskites enable efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells Tong, Jinhui; Song, Zhaoning; Kim, Dong Hoe Science, Vol. 364, Issue 6439 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav7911	journal	April 2019
Physical Properties of SnO[sub 2] Materials Jarzebski, Z. M. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 123, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2133090	journal	January 1976
Structural, Optical, Morphological and Microbial Studies on SnO ₂ Nanoparticles Prepared by Co-Precipitation Method Arularasu, M. V.; Anbarasu, M.; Poovaragan, S. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2018.14658	journal	May 2018

Similar Records

Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY

Simplified interconnection structure based on C60/SnO2-x for all-perovskite tandem solar cells

Citation Formats

References (49)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Simplified interconnection structure based on C₆₀/SnO_2-x for all-perovskite tandem solar cells