A global assessment of policy tools to support climate adaptation

Journal Article · Thu Nov 18 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Climate Policy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2021.2002251· OSTI ID:1892181

Ulibarri, Nicola ^[1]; Ajibade, Idowu ^[2]; Galappaththi, Eranga K. ^[3]; Joe, Elphin Tom ^[4]; Lesnikowski, Alexandra ^[5]; Mach, Katharine J. ^[6]; Musah-Surugu, Justice Issah ^[7]; Nagle Alverio, Gabriela ^[8]; Segnon, Alcade C. ^[9]; Siders, A. R. ^[10]; Sotnik, Garry ^[11]; Campbell, Donovan ^[12]; Chalastani, Vasiliki I. ^[13]; Jagannathan, Kripa ^[14]; Khavhagali, Vhalinavho ^[15]; Reckien, Diana ^[15]; Shang, Yuanyuan ^[16]; Singh, Chandni ^[17]; Zommers, Zinta ^[18]

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1. University of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
2. Portland State University, OR (United States)
3. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
4. World Resources Institute, New Delhi (India)
5. Concordia University, Montreal (Canada)
6. University of Miami, FL (United States); University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL (United States)
7. United Nations University, Bonn (Germany); University of Ghana, Accra (Ghana)
8. Duke University, Durham, NC (United States)
9. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Bamako (Mali); University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou (Benin, Republic of)
10. University of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)
11. Stanford University, CA (United States)
12. University of the West Indies, Kingston (Jamaica)
13. National Technical University of Athens, Zografou (Greece)
14. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
15. University of Twente, Enschede (Netherlands)
16. Australian National University, Canberra, ACT (Australia)
17. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, Bangalore (India)
18. United Nations, New York, NY (United States)

Governments, businesses, and civil society organizations have diverse policy tools to incentivize adaptation. Policy tools can shape the type and extent of adaptation, and therefore, function either as barriers or enablers for reducing risk and vulnerability. Using data from a systematic review of academic literature on global adaptation responses to climate change (n = 1549 peer-reviewed articles), we categorize the types of policy tools used to shape climate adaptation. We apply qualitative and quantitative analyses to assess the contexts where particular tools are used, along with equity implications for groups targeted by the tools, and the tools’ relationships with transformational adaptation indicators such as the depth, scope, and speed of adaptation. We find diverse types of tools documented across sectors and geographic regions. We also identify a mismatch between the tools that consider equity and those that yield more transformational adaptations. Direct regulations, plans, and capacity building are associated with higher depth and scope of adaptation (thus transformational adaptation), while economic instruments, information provisioning, and networks are not; the latter tools, however, are more likely to target marginalized groups in their design and implementation. We identify multiple research gaps, including a need to assess instrument mixes rather than single tools and to assess adaptations that result from policy implementation. Key policy insights Information-based approaches, networks, and economic instruments are the most frequently documented adaptation policy tools worldwide. Direct regulations, plans, and capacity building are associated with higher depth and scope of adaptation, and thus more transformational adaptation. Capacity building, economic instruments, networks, and information provisioning approaches are more likely to target specific marginalized groups and thus equity challenges. There are many regions and sectors where certain tools are not widely documented (e.g. regulations and plans in Africa and Asia), representing a key research gap.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: Australian National University; China Scholarship Council; Fonds de recherche de Québec- Société et Culture; National Science Foundation (NSF); Portland State University Vision 2025; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
• Contributing Organization: Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative Team
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-05CH11231
• OSTI ID: 1892181
• Journal Information: Climate Policy, Journal Name: Climate Policy Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 22; ISSN 1469-3062
• Publisher: Taylor & Francis
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
GAMI
climate change adaptation
equity
global adaptation mapping initiative
policy instruments
systematic review
transformational adaptation