Constraining the charge-, time-, and rigidity-dependence of cosmic-ray solar modulation with AMS-02 observations during Solar Cycle 24

Cholis, Ilias; McKinnon, Ian

doi:10.1103/physrevd.106.063021

Constraining the charge-, time-, and rigidity-dependence of cosmic-ray solar modulation with AMS-02 observations during Solar Cycle 24

Journal Article · Mon Sep 26 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Physical Review. D.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.106.063021· OSTI ID:1890193

^[1]; McKinnon, Ian ^[2]

Oakland Univ., Rochester, MI (United States); Oakland University, MI (United States), Department of Physics
Oakland Univ., Rochester, MI (United States)

Our basic theoretical understanding of the sources of cosmic rays and their propagation through the interstellar medium is hindered by the Sun, that through the solar wind affects the observed cosmic-ray spectra. This effect is known as solar modulation. Recently released cosmic-ray observations from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) and publicly available measurements of the solar wind properties from the Advanced Composition Explorer and the Wilcox observatory allow us to test the analytical modeling of the time-, charge- and rigidity-dependence of solar modulation. We rely on associating measurements on the local heliospheric magnetic field and the heliospheric current sheet’s tilt angle, to model the time-dependence and amplitude of cosmic-ray solar modulation. We find evidence for the solar modulation’s charge- and rigidity-dependence during the era of solar cycle 24. Our analytic prescription to model solar modulation can explain well the large-scale time evolution of positively charged cosmic-ray fluxes in the range of rigidities from 1 GV to 10 GV. Here, we also find that cosmic-ray electron fluxes measured during the first years of cycle 24 are less trivial to explain, due to the complex and rapidly evolving structure of the heliosphere’s magnetic field that they experienced as they propagated inwards.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oakland Univ., Rochester, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0022352

OSTI ID:: 1890193

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 106; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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