Burden of bacterial bloodstream infections and recent advances for diagnosis

Costa, Susana P.; Carvalho, Carla M.

doi:10.1093/femspd/ftac027

Burden of bacterial bloodstream infections and recent advances for diagnosis

Journal Article · Tue Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Pathogens and Disease

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftac027· OSTI ID:1889766

Costa, Susana P.;

Abstract

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) and subsequent organ dysfunction (sepsis and septic shock) are conditions that rank among the top reasons for human mortality and have a great impact on healthcare systems. Their treatment mainly relies on the administration of broad-spectrum antimicrobials since the standard blood culture-based diagnostic methods remain time-consuming for the pathogen's identification. Consequently, the routine use of these antibiotics may lead to downstream antimicrobial resistance and failure in treatment outcomes. Recently, significant advances have been made in improving several methodologies for the identification of pathogens directly in whole blood especially regarding specificity and time to detection. Nevertheless, for the widespread implementation of these novel methods in healthcare facilities, further improvements are still needed concerning the sensitivity and cost-effectiveness to allow a faster and more appropriate antimicrobial therapy. This review is focused on the problem of BSIs and sepsis addressing several aspects like their origin, challenges, and causative agents. Also, it highlights current and emerging diagnostics technologies, discussing their strengths and weaknesses.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Supply Chain

OSTI ID:: 1889766

Journal Information:: Pathogens and Disease, Journal Name: Pathogens and Disease Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 80; ISSN 2049-632X

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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