Numerical modeling and parametric study of a dual purpose underground thermal battery

Shi, Liang; Qu, Ming; Liu, Xiaobing; Wang, Lingshi; Zhang, Mingkan

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112472

Numerical modeling and parametric study of a dual purpose underground thermal battery

Journal Article · Thu Sep 15 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Energy and Buildings

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112472· OSTI ID:1888895

Shi, Liang ^[1]; Qu, Ming ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[2]

Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

We report integrating thermal energy storage with building energy systems can enable flexible building electric demands at buildings to help mitigate the mismatch between electricity supply and demand. A novel building heating and cooling system that integrates a dual-source heat pump with hybrid thermal storage named dual-purpose underground thermal battery (DPUTB) has been developed for reshaping building electric demands. The proposed DPUTB integrated geothermal heat pump system is an original innovation that enables Grid-interactive Energy Efficient buildings. This paper focuses on the study of the novel DPUTB. The DPUTB works as both a thermal storage tank (an inner tank) and a ground heat exchanger (an outer tank separated from the inner tank by the insulation material). High fidelity and computationally effective models are needed to predict the performance of the novel DPUTB. This study has developed a simplified dynamic model for the DPUTB according to heat transfer and energy conservation principles and validated it by using experimental data obtained from testing a small-scale DPUTB apparatus. A parametric study was conducted to identify a design that can achieve the target thermal storage performance of load shift and energy efficiency. The parametric study results show that the inner tank shell thermal conductivity and the phase change material's melting point are the two most influencing factors on the performance of the DPUTB. One single full-size DPUTB with the identified design could provide 1-ton cooling (3.51 kW) with the supply temperature lower than 11 °C for 4 hours in summer after being fully charged in 8 hours. The inner tank filled with phase change material is for cooling thermal storage as a latent tank in the design. However, its capacity can be as high as 60 MJ as a sensible water tank for heating storage in winter. In the future study, the DPUTB model will be incorporated into the dual-source heat pump system for evaluating the overall system performance of demand side management in the long term.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Geothermal Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1888895

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1889297

Journal Information:: Energy and Buildings, Journal Name: Energy and Buildings Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 275; ISSN 0378-7788

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (31)

Peak load reduction by preconditioning buildings at night Rabl, A.; Norford, L. K. International Journal of Energy Research, Vol. 15, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/er.4440150909	journal	December 1991
The value(s) of flexible heat pumps – Assessment of technical and economic conditions Felten, Björn; Weber, Christoph Applied Energy, Vol. 228 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.031	journal	October 2018
Energy flexible building through smart demand-side management and latent heat storage Lizana, Jesus; Friedrich, Daniel; Renaldi, Renaldi Applied Energy, Vol. 230 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.065	journal	November 2018
Model predictive control for thermal energy storage and thermal comfort optimization of building demand response in smart grids Tang, Rui; Wang, Shengwei Applied Energy, Vol. 242 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.038	journal	May 2019
Study on a PCM heat storage system for rapid heat supply Wei, Jinjia; Kawaguchi, Yasuo; Hirano, Satoshi Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 25, Issue 17-18 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2005.02.014	journal	December 2005
Domestic demand-side management (DSM): Role of heat pumps and thermal energy storage (TES) systems Arteconi, A.; Hewitt, N. J.; Polonara, F. Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 51, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.09.023	journal	March 2013
One-dimensional model of a stratified thermal storage tank with supercritical coiled heat exchanger Paradis, Pierre-Luc; R. Rousse, Daniel; Lamarche, Louis Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 134 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.02.015	journal	April 2018
Analysis on field trial of high temperature heat pump integrated with thermal energy storage in domestic retrofit installation Shah, Nikhilkumar N.; Wilson, Christopher; Huang, Ming J. Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 143 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.07.135	journal	October 2018
A three-dimensional numerical investigation of a novel shallow bore ground heat exchanger integrated with phase change material Zhang, Mingkan; Liu, Xiaobing; Biswas, Kaushik Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 162 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114297	journal	November 2019
A revised capacitance resistance model for large diameter shallow bore ground heat exchanger Najib, Antash; Zarrella, Angelo; Narayanan, Vinod Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 162 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114305	journal	November 2019
A novel shallow bore ground heat exchanger for ground source heat pump applications—Model development and validation Warner, Joseph; Liu, Xiaobing; Shi, Liang Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 164 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114460	journal	January 2020
Analytical modelling of PCM supercooling including recalescence for complete and partial heating/cooling cycles Thonon, Maxime; Fraisse, Gilles; Zalewski, Laurent Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 190 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116751	journal	May 2021
Model-based demand-limiting control of building thermal mass Lee, Kyoung-ho; Braun, James E. Building and Environment, Vol. 43, Issue 10, p. 1633-1646 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.10.009	journal	October 2008
A demand-response method to balance electric power-grids via HVAC systems using active energy-storage: Simulation and on-site experiment Meng, Qinglong; Li, Yang; Ren, Xiaoxiao Energy Reports, Vol. 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.01.083	journal	November 2021
Study on Auto-DR and pre-cooling of commercial buildings with thermal mass in California Yin, Rongxin; Xu, Peng; Piette, Mary Ann Energy and Buildings, Vol. 42, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.01.008	journal	July 2010
Performance of heat pump integrated phase change material thermal storage for electric load shifting in building demand side management Hirmiz, R.; Teamah, H. M.; Lightstone, M. F. Energy and Buildings, Vol. 190 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.02.026	journal	May 2019
Self-learning model predictive control for dynamic activation of structural thermal mass in residential buildings Wolisz, Henryk; Kull, Tuule Mall; Müller, Dirk Energy and Buildings, Vol. 207 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109542	journal	January 2020
Influence of thermal energy storage and heat pump parametrization for demand-side-management in a nearly-zero-energy-building using model predictive control Bechtel, Steffen; Rafii-Tabrizi, Sasan; Scholzen, Frank Energy and Buildings, Vol. 226 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110364	journal	November 2020
Residential demand-side management using integrated solar-powered heat pump and thermal storage Li, Yuanyuan; Mojiri, Ahmad; Rosengarten, Gary Energy and Buildings, Vol. 250 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111234	journal	November 2021
Impact of energy storage in buildings on electricity demand side management Qureshi, Waqar A.; Nair, Nirmal-Kumar C.; Farid, Mohammad M. Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 52, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.12.008	journal	May 2011
Design and optimization of a hybrid air conditioning system with thermal energy storage using phase change composite Aljehani, Ahmed; Razack, Siddique Ali K.; Nitsche, Ludwig Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 169 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.05.040	journal	August 2018
Peak load reductions: Electric load shifting with mechanical pre-cooling of residential buildings with low thermal mass Turner, W. J. N.; Walker, I. S.; Roux, J. Energy, Vol. 82 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.02.011	journal	March 2015
Simplified dynamic modeling of single-tank thermal energy storage systems Raccanello, J.; Rech, S.; Lazzaretto, A. Energy, Vol. 182 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.088	journal	September 2019
Natural convection heat transfer from helical coiled tubes Prabhanjan, Devanahalli G.; Rennie, Timothy J.; Vijaya Raghavan, G. S. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 43, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2003.08.005	journal	April 2004
Advanced low-carbon energy measures based on thermal energy storage in buildings: A review Lizana, Jesús; Chacartegui, Ricardo; Barrios-Padura, Angela Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 82 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.093	journal	February 2018
Mapping the energy flexibility potential of single buildings equipped with optimally-controlled heat pump, gas boilers and thermal storage D’Ettorre, Francesco; De Rosa, Mattia; Conti, Paolo Sustainable Cities and Society, Vol. 50 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101689	journal	October 2019
Prediction of undisturbed ground temperature using analytical and numerical modeling. Part I: Model development and experimental validation Xing, Lu; Spitler, Jeffrey D. Science and Technology for the Built Environment, Vol. 23, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1080/23744731.2016.1258371	journal	December 2016
Load Control Using Building Thermal Mass Braun, James E. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Vol. 125, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1592184	journal	August 2003
Potential of Utilizing Thermal Energy Storage Integrated Ground Source Heat Pump System to Reshape Electricity Demand in the United States Shi, Liang; Liu, Xiaobing; Qu, Ming ASME Journal of Engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4051992	journal	August 2021
Sensitivity Analysis of Optimal Building Thermal Mass Control Henze, Gregor P.; Le, Thoi H.; Florita, Anthony R. Solar Energy https://doi.org/10.1115/ISEC2005-76201	conference	January 2005
Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings Technical Report Series: Overview of Research Challenges and Gaps Neukomm, Monica; Nubbe, Valerie; Fares, Robert https://doi.org/10.2172/1577966	report	December 2019

Similar Records

Numerical Modeling and Parametric Study of a Dual Purpose Underground Thermal Battery

Technical Report · Thu Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · OSTI ID:1818730

Experimental Evaluation of Thermal Storage Performance of a Dual-Purpose Underground Thermal Battery

Conference · Mon Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · OSTI ID:1885316

A Preliminary Study of a Novel Heat Pump Integrated Underground Thermal Energy Storage for Shaping Electric Demand of Buildings

Conference · Fri Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · OSTI ID:1606946

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
dual-purpose underground thermal battery
dynamic model
ground heat exchanger
phase change material
thermal energy storage

Numerical modeling and parametric study of a dual purpose underground thermal battery

Citation Formats

References (31)

Similar Records

Related Subjects