Reconciling and Improving Formulations for Thermodynamics and Conservation Principles in Earth System Models (ESMs)

Lauritzen, P. H.; Kevlahan, N. K. ‐R.; Toniazzo, T.; Eldred, C.; Dubos, T.; Gassmann, A.; Larson, V. E.; Jablonowski, C.; Guba, O.; Shipway, B.; Harrop, B. E.; Lemarié, F.; Tailleux, R.; Herrington, A. R.; Large, W.; Rasch, P. J.; Donahue, A. S.; Wan, H.; Conley, A.; Bacmeister, J. T.

doi:10.1029/2022MS003117

Title: Reconciling and Improving Formulations for Thermodynamics and Conservation Principles in Earth System Models (ESMs)

Journal Article · Fri Sep 16 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003117· OSTI ID:1887625

^[1]; Kevlahan, N. K. ‐R. ^[2];

^[3]; Eldred, C. ^[4];

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^[7]; Jablonowski, C. ^[8];

^[4]; Shipway, B. ^[9];

^[10]; Lemarié, F. ^[11];

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^[1]; Large, W. ^[1];

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Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA
Department of Mathematics and Statistics McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
NORCE Research and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research Bergen Norway, Department of Meteorology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM USA
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/IPSL École Polytechnique Palaiseau France
Leibniz‐Institut fur Atmosphärenphysik Kühlungsborn Germany
Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Milwaukee WI USA, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division Richland WA USA
Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
Met Office Exeter UK
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division Richland WA USA
CNRS Inria Grenoble INP LJK University Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA

Abstract This paper provides a comprehensive derivation of the total energy equations for the atmospheric components of Earth System Models (ESMs). The assumptions and approximations made in this derivation are motivated and discussed. In particular, it is emphasized that closing the energy budget is conceptually challenging and hard to achieve in practice without resorting to ad hoc fixers. As a concrete example, the energy budget terms are diagnosed in a realistic climate simulation using a global atmosphere model. The largest total energy errors in this example are spurious dynamical core energy dissipation, thermodynamic inconsistencies (e.g., coupling parameterizations with the host model) and missing processes/terms associated with falling precipitation and evaporation (e.g., enthalpy flux between components). The latter two errors are not, in general, reduced by increasing horizontal resolution. They are due to incomplete thermodynamic and dynamic formulations. Future research directions are proposed to reconcile and improve thermodynamics formulations and conservation principles.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); German Research Foundation (DFG); Norwegian Research Council; European Research Council (ERC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; AC02-05CH11231; NA0003525; AC52-07NA27344; 1852977; NA17OAR4320152; 274762653

OSTI ID:: 1887625

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1889775; OSTI ID: 1889813

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-176991; e2022MS003117

Journal Information:: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Journal Name: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems Vol. 14 Journal Issue: 9; ISSN 1942-2466

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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