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Fundamentals of hydrogen storage in nanoporous materials

Journal Article · · Progress in Energy
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Abstract

Physisorption of hydrogen in nanoporous materials offers an efficient and competitive alternative for hydrogen storage. At low temperatures (e.g. 77 K) and moderate pressures (below 100 bar) molecular H 2 adsorbs reversibly, with very fast kinetics, at high density on the inner surfaces of materials such as zeolites, activated carbons and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). This review, by experts of Task 40 ‘Energy Storage and Conversion based on Hydrogen’ of the Hydrogen Technology Collaboration Programme of the International Energy Agency, covers the fundamentals of H 2 adsorption in nanoporous materials and assessment of their storage performance. The discussion includes recent work on H 2 adsorption at both low temperature and high pressure, new findings on the assessment of the hydrogen storage performance of materials, the correlation of volumetric and gravimetric H 2 storage capacities, usable capacity, and optimum operating temperature. The application of neutron scattering as an ideal tool for characterising H 2 adsorption is summarised and state-of-the-art computational methods, such as machine learning, are considered for the discovery of new MOFs for H 2 storage applications, as well as the modelling of flexible porous networks for optimised H 2 delivery. The discussion focuses moreover on additional important issues, such as sustainable materials synthesis and improved reproducibility of experimental H 2 adsorption isotherm data by interlaboratory exercises and reference materials.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
NA0003525; AC36-08GO28308; AC36-08GO28308; AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1887302
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1883630
OSTI ID: 1887391
OSTI ID: 1901942
Journal Information:
Progress in Energy, Journal Name: Progress in Energy Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 4; ISSN 2516-1083
Publisher:
IOP PublishingCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English

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