Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Constraints on extensions to $$\mathrm{Λ CDM }$$ with weak lensing and galaxy clustering

Journal Article · Wed Apr 05 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Physical Review. D.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.107.083504· OSTI ID:1877643

Abbott, T.  M. C. ^[1]; Aguena, M.; Alarcon, A.; Alves, O.; Amon, A.; Andrade-Oliveira, F.; Annis, J. ; Avila, S.; Bacon, D.; Baxter, E.; Bechtol, K.; Becker, M.  R. ; Bernstein, G.  M.; Birrer, S. ; Blazek, J. ; Bocquet, S. ; Brandao-Souza, A.; Bridle, S.  L. ; Brooks, D. ; Burke, D.  L. ; Camacho, H.; Campos, A.; Carnero Rosell, A. ; Carrasco Kind, M. ; Carretero, J. ; Castander, F.  J. ; Cawthon, R.; Chang, C. ; Chen, A.; Chen, R.; Choi, A. ; Conselice, C. ; Cordero, J.; Costanzi, M.; Crocce, M. ; da Costa, L.  N.; Pereira, M.  E. S.; Davis, C.; Davis, T.  M. ; DeRose, J. ; Desai, S. ; Di Valentino, E.; Diehl, H.  T. ; Dodelson, S. ; Doel, P.; Doux, C.; Drlica-Wagner, A. ; Eckert, K.; Eifler, T.  F. ; Elsner, F.; Elvin-Poole, J. ; Everett, S.; Fang, X. ; Farahi, A.; Ferrero, I.; Ferté, A.; Flaugher, B. ; Fosalba, P.; Friedel, D.; Friedrich, O.; Frieman, J. ; García-Bellido, J.; Gatti, M.; Giani, L. ; Giannantonio, T. ; Giannini, G. ; Gruen, D. ; Gruendl, R.  A.; Gschwend, J. ; Gutierrez, G. ; Hamaus, N.; Harrison, I.; Hartley, W.  G.; Herner, K. ; Hinton, S.  R.; Hollowood, D.  L.; Honscheid, K. ; Huang, H. ; Huff, E.  M. ; Huterer, D. ; Jain, B.; James, D.  J. ; Jarvis, M.; Jeffrey, N. ; Jeltema, T.; Kovacs, A. ; Krause, E. ; Kuehn, K. ; Kuropatkin, N. ; Lahav, O. ; Lee, S.; Leget, P. -F.; Lemos, P.; Leonard, C.  D.; Liddle, A.  R.; Lima, M.; Lin, H. ; MacCrann, N. ; Marshall, J.  L. ; McCullough, J. ; Mena-Fernández, J. ; Menanteau, F. ; Miquel, R. ; Miranda, V. ; Mohr, J.  J.; Muir, J. ; Myles, J.; Nadathur, S. ; Navarro-Alsina, A.; Nichol, R.  C.; Ogando, R.  L. C. ; Omori, Y.; Palmese, A. ; Pandey, S.; Park, Y. ; Paterno, M.; Paz-Chinchón, F.; Percival, W.  J.; Pieres, A. ; Plazas Malagón, A.  A.; Porredon, A.; Prat, J.; Raveri, M.; Rodriguez-Monroy, M.; Rogozenski, P.; Rollins, R.  P.; Romer, A.  K. ; Roodman, A. ; Rosenfeld, R.; Ross, A.  J. ; Rykoff, E.  S. ; Samuroff, S.; Sánchez, C.; Sanchez, E. ; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Cid, D. ; Scarpine, V.; Scolnic, D.; Secco, L.  F.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I. ; Sheldon, E.; Shin, T.; Smith, M. ; Soares-Santos, M. ; Suchyta, E. ; Tabbutt, M. ; Tarle, G. ; Thomas, D.; To, C. ; Troja, A.; Troxel, M.  A.; Tutusaus, I. ; Varga, T.  N.; Vincenzi, M.; Walker, A.  R. ; Weaverdyck, N.; Wechsler, R.  H. ; Weller, J. ; Yanny, B. ; Yin, B. ; Zhang, Y.; Zuntz, J.

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1. National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, La Serena (Chile); DES Collaboration. et al.

Here we constrain six possible extensions to the Λ cold dark matter (CDM) model using measurements from the Dark Energy Survey’s first three years of observations, alone and in combination with external cosmological probes. The DES data are the two-point correlation functions of weak gravitational lensing, galaxy clustering, and their cross-correlation. We use simulated data vectors and blind analyses of real data to validate the robustness of our results to astrophysical and modeling systematic errors. In many cases, constraining power is limited by the absence of theoretical predictions beyond the linear regime that are reliable at our required precision. The Λ CDM extensions are dark energy with a time-dependent equation of state, nonzero spatial curvature, additional relativistic degrees of freedom, sterile neutrinos with eV-scale mass, modifications of gravitational physics, and a binned σ₈(z) model which serves as a phenomenological probe of structure growth. For the time-varying dark energy equation of state evaluated at the pivot redshift we find (w_p, w_a) = (-0.99$$^{+0.28}_{-0.17}$$, -0.9 ±1.2) at 68% confidence with z_p = 0.24 from the DES measurements alone, and (w_p, w_a) = (- 1.03$$^{+0.04}_{-0.03}$$, -0.4 $$^{+0.4}_{-0.3)}$$ with z_p = 0.21 for the combination of all data considered. Curvature constraints of Ω_k = 0.0009 ± 0.0017 and effective relativistic species N_eff = 3.10$$^{+0.15}_{-0.16}$$ are dominated by external data, though adding DES information to external low-redshift probes tightens the Ω_k constraints that can be made without cosmic microwave background observables by 20%. For massive sterile neutrinos, DES combined with external data improves the upper bound on the mass m_eff by a factor of 3 compared to previous analyses, giving 95% limits of (Δ N_eff, m_eff) ≤ (0.28, 0.20 eV) when using priors matching a comparable Planck analysis. For modified gravity, we constrain changes to the lensing and Poisson equations controlled by functions Σ (k ,z) = Σ₀Ω_Λ(z)/Ω _Λ,0 and μ(k, z) = μ₀Ω_Λ(z)/Ω _{Λ ,0,} respectively, to Σ₀ = 0.6$$^{+ 0.4}_{ -0.5}$$ from DES alone and (Σ₀, μ₀) = (0.04 ± 0.05, 0.08$$^{+0.21}_{-0.19}$$) for the combination of all data, both at 68% confidence. Overall, we find no significant evidence for physics beyond Λ CDM.

• Research Organization: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
• Contributing Organization: DES Collaboration
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-07CH11359; AC02-05CH11231; AC05-00OR22725
• OSTI ID: 1877643
• Alternate ID(s): OSTI ID: 1968517; OSTI ID: 1994644
• Report Number(s): FERMILAB-PUB-22-470-PPD; arXiv:2207.05766; oai:inspirehep.net:2111327
• Journal Information: Physical Review. D., Vol. 107, Issue 8; ISSN 2470-0010
• Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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cosmology
dark energy
dark matter
galaxies
large scale structure of the universe
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