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Delineating the mechanism of anti-Lassa virus GPC-A neutralizing antibodies

Journal Article · · Cell Reports
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [1];  [1]
  1. La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA (United States)
  2. La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA (United States); Harvard Univ., Boston, MA (United States); Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States)
  3. Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (United States)
  4. Zalgen Labs, LLC, Germantown, MD (United States)
  5. Zalgen Labs, LLC, Germantown, MD (United States); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (United States)

Lassa virus (LASV) is the etiologic agent of Lassa Fever, a hemorrhagic disease that is endemic to West Africa. During LASV infection, LASV glycoprotein (GP) engages with multiple host receptors for cell entry. Neutralizing antibodies against GP are rare and principally target quaternary epitopes displayed only on the metastable, pre-fusion conformation of GP. Currently, the structural features of the neutralizing GPC-A antibody competition group are understudied. Structures of two GPC-A antibodies presented here demonstrate that they bind the side of the pre-fusion GP trimer, bridging the GP1 and GP2 subunits. Complementary biochemical analyses indicate that antibody 25.10C, which is broadly specific, neutralizes by inhibiting binding of the endosomal receptor LAMP1 and also by blocking membrane fusion. The other GPC-A antibody, 36.1F, which is lineage-specific, prevents LAMP1 association only. These data illuminate a site of vulnerability on LASV GP and will guide efforts to elicit broadly reactive therapeutics and vaccines.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Consortium (VHFC); Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Immunotherapeutic Consortium (VIC); National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1877197
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1900719
Journal Information:
Cell Reports, Journal Name: Cell Reports Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 39; ISSN 2211-1247
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
ENGLISH

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