Controlling and visualizing Dirac physics in topological semimetal heterostructures

Kealhofer, David A.; Kealhofer, Robert; Ohara, Daniel; Pardue, Tyler N.; Stemmer, Susanne

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abn4479

Controlling and visualizing Dirac physics in topological semimetal heterostructures

Journal Article · Fri Jul 08 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Science Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abn4479· OSTI ID:1876589

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; Pardue, Tyler N. ^[2]; ^[2]

Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States); University of California, Santa Barbara
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)

A bulk crystal of cadmium arsenide is a three-dimensional Dirac semimetal, but, in a thin film, it can behave like a three-dimensional topological insulator. This tunability provides unique opportunities to manipulate and explore a topological insulator phase. However, an obstacle to engineering such tunability is the subtlety of transport-based discriminants for topological phases. In this work, the quantum capacitance of cadmium arsenide–based heterostructures provides two direct experimental signatures of three-dimensional topological insulator physics: an insulating three-dimensional bulk and a Landau level at zero energy that does not disperse in a magnetic field. We proceed to join our ability to see these fingerprints of the topological surface states with flexibility afforded by our epitaxial heterostructures to demonstrate a route toward controlling the energy of the Dirac nodes on each surface. These results point to new avenues for engineering topological insulators based on cadmium arsenide.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Defense; U.S. National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; FG02-02ER45994

OSTI ID:: 1876589

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1876630

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Journal Name: Science Advances Journal Issue: 27 Vol. 8; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (31)

Supersymmetry in heterojunctions: Band-inverting contact on the basis of Pb1xSnxTe and Hg1xCdxTe Pankratov, O. A.; Pakhomov, S. V.; Volkov, B. A. Solid State Communications, Vol. 61, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(87)90934-3	journal	January 1987
Two-Dimensional-Dirac Surface States and Bulk Gap Probed via Quantum Capacitance in a Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator Wang, Jimin; Gorini, Cosimo; Richter, Klaus Nano Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02733	journal	November 2020
Landau Levels of Topologically-Protected Surface States Probed by Dual-Gated Quantum Capacitance Chong, Su Kong; Tsuchikawa, Ryuichi; Harmer, Jared ACS Nano, Vol. 14, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b09192	journal	December 2019
Transport evidence for Fermi-arc-mediated chirality transfer in the Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 Moll, Philip J. W.; Nair, Nityan L.; Helm, Toni Nature, Vol. 535, Issue 7611 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature18276	journal	July 2016
Topological crystalline insulators in the SnTe material class Hsieh, Timothy H.; Lin, Hsin; Liu, Junwei Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Article No. 982 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1969	journal	January 2012
Quantum oscillations from surface Fermi arcs in Weyl and Dirac semimetals Potter, Andrew C.; Kimchi, Itamar; Vishwanath, Ashvin Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6161	journal	October 2014
Landau quantization and quasiparticle interference in the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 Jeon, Sangjun; Zhou, Brian B.; Gyenis, Andras Nature Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4023	journal	June 2014
Ultrahigh mobility and giant magnetoresistance in the Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 Liang, Tian; Gibson, Quinn; Ali, Mazhar N. Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4143	journal	November 2014
Quantum Hall states observed in thin films of Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 Uchida, Masaki; Nakazawa, Yusuke; Nishihaya, Shinichi Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02423-1	journal	December 2017
Electronic and optical properties of topological semimetal Cd3As2 Mosca Conte, Adriano; Pulci, Olivia; Bechstedt, Friedhelm Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45500	journal	April 2017
Cd ₃ As ₂ —A Noncubic Semiconductor with Unusually High Electron Mobility Rosenberg, Arthur J.; Harman, Theodore C. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 30, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1735019	journal	October 1959
Thickness dependence of the quantum Hall effect in films of the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Cd ₃ As ₂ Goyal, Manik; Galletti, Luca; Salmani-Rezaie, Salva APL Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5016866	journal	February 2018
Field-effect transistors with the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal cadmium arsenide Shoron, Omor F.; Schumann, Timo; Goyal, Manik Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5103268	journal	August 2019
Quantum capacitance devices Luryi, Serge Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 52, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.99649	journal	February 1988
Carrier mobilities of (001) cadmium arsenide films Goyal, Manik; Salmani-Rezaie, Salva; Pardue, Tyler N. APL Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0002771	journal	May 2020
Are the surface Fermi arcs in Dirac semimetals topologically protected? Kargarian, Mehdi; Randeria, Mohit; Lu, Yuan-Ming Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1524787113	journal	July 2016
Magnetization studies of Landau level broadening in two-dimensional electron systems Potts, A.; Shepherd, R.; Herrenden-Harker, W. G. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 8, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/8/28/004	journal	July 1996
Effective continuous model for surface states and thin films of three-dimensional topological insulators Shan, Wen-Yu; Lu, Hai-Zhou; Shen, Shun-Qing New Journal of Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/4/043048	journal	April 2010
Thickness-independent transport in thin (001)-oriented cadmium arsenide films Kealhofer, David A.; Goyal, Manik; Pardue, Tyler N. Physical Review B, Vol. 104, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.035435	journal	July 2021
Direct measurement of the density of states of a two-dimensional electron gas Smith, T. P.; Goldberg, B. B.; Stiles, P. J. Physical Review B, Vol. 32, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.32.2696	journal	August 1985
Topological semimetal and Fermi-arc surface states in the electronic structure of pyrochlore iridates Wan, Xiangang; Turner, Ari M.; Vishwanath, Ashvin Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.205101	journal	May 2011
Three-dimensional Dirac semimetal and quantum transport in Cd 3 As 2 Wang, Zhijun; Weng, Hongming; Wu, Quansheng Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.125427	journal	September 2013
Observation of Volkov-Pankratov states in topological HgTe heterojunctions using high-frequency compressibility Inhofer, A.; Tchoumakov, S.; Assaf, B. A. Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.195104	journal	November 2017
Volkov-Pankratov states in topological heterojunctions Tchoumakov, S.; Jouffrey, V.; Inhofer, A. Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.201302	journal	November 2017
Density of States and Zero Landau Level Probed through Capacitance of Graphene Ponomarenko, L. A.; Yang, R.; Gorbachev, R. V. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.136801	journal	September 2010
Probing Quantum Capacitance in a 3D Topological Insulator Kozlov, D. A.; Bauer, D.; Ziegler, J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.166802	journal	April 2016
3D Dirac semimetal Cd 3 As 2 : A review of material properties Crassee, I.; Sankar, R.; Lee, W. -L. Physical Review Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.120302	journal	December 2018
Nitrogen surface passivation of the Dirac semimetal C d 3 A s 2 Galletti, Luca; Schumann, Timo; Mates, Thomas E. Physical Review Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.124202	journal	December 2018
Basal-plane growth of cadmium arsenide by molecular beam epitaxy Kealhofer, David A.; Kim, Honggyu; Schumann, Timo Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.3.031201	journal	March 2019
Surface states of strained thin films of the Dirac semimetal Cd 3 As 2 Goyal, Manik; Kim, Honggyu; Schumann, Timo Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.3.064204	journal	June 2019
Weyl and Dirac semimetals in three-dimensional solids Armitage, N. P.; Mele, E. J.; Vishwanath, Ashvin Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 90, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.90.015001	journal	January 2018

Similar Records

Strong and fragile topological Dirac semimetals with higher-order Fermi arcs

Journal Article · Thu Jan 30 19:00:00 EST 2020 · Nature Communications · OSTI ID:1619476

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Controlling and visualizing Dirac physics in topological semimetal heterostructures

Citation Formats

References (31)

Similar Records

Related Subjects