Novel Valence Transition in Elemental Metal Europium around 80&nbsp;GPa

Chen, Bijuan; Tian, Mingfeng; Zhang, Jurong; Li, Bing; Xiao, Yuming; Chow, Paul; Kenney-Benson, Curtis; Deng, Hongshan; Zhang, Jianbo; Sereika, Raimundas; Yin, Xia; Wang, Dong; Hong, Xinguo; Jin, Changqing; Bi, Yan; Liu, Hanyu; Liu, Haifeng; Li, Jun; Jin, Ke; Wu, Qiang; Chang, Jun; Ding, Yang; Mao, Ho-kwang

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.129.016401

Novel Valence Transition in Elemental Metal Europium around 80 GPa

Journal Article · Mon Jun 27 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.129.016401· OSTI ID:1875404

Chen, Bijuan ^[1]; Tian, Mingfeng ^[2]; Zhang, Jurong ^[3]; Li, Bing ^[1]; Xiao, Yuming ^[4]; Chow, Paul ^[4]; Kenney-Benson, Curtis ^[4]; Deng, Hongshan ^[1]; Zhang, Jianbo ^[1]; Sereika, Raimundas ^[1]; Yin, Xia ^[1]; Wang, Dong ^[1]; Hong, Xinguo ^[1]; Jin, Changqing ^[5]; Bi, Yan ^[1]; Liu, Hanyu ^[6]; Liu, Haifeng ^[2]; Li, Jun ^[7]; Jin, Ke ^[7]; Wu, Qiang ^[7] more »

Center for High-Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing (China)
Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing (China)
Shandong Normal University, Jinan (China)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)
Jilin University, Changchun (China)
China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang (China)
Shaanxi Normal University, Xian (China)

We report valence transition could induce structural, insulator-metal, nonmagnetic-magnetic and superconducting transitions in rare-earth metals and compounds, while the underlying physics remains unclear due to the complex interaction of localized 4f electrons as well as their coupling with itinerant electrons. The valence transition in the elemental metal europium (Eu) still has remained as a matter of debate. Using resonant x-ray emission scattering and x-ray diffraction, we pressurize the states of 4f electrons in Eu and study its valence and structure transitions up to 160 GPa. We provide compelling evidence for a valence transition around 80 GPa, which coincides with a structural transition from a monoclinic (C2/c) to an orthorhombic phase ($Pnma$). We show that the valence transition occurs when the pressure-dependent energy gap between 4f and 5d electrons approaches the Coulomb interaction. Our discovery is critical for understanding the electrodynamics of Eu, including magnetism and high-pressure superconductivity.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1875404

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Journal Name: Physical Review Letters Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 129; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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