Multiple independent records of local glacier variability on Nuussuaq, West Greenland, during the Holocene

Schweinsberg, Avriel D.; Briner, Jason P.; Licciardi, Joseph M.; Bennike, Ole; Lifton, Nathaniel A.; Graham, Brandon L.; Young, Nicolás E.; Schaefer, Joerg M.; Zimmerman, Susan H.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.007

Multiple independent records of local glacier variability on Nuussuaq, West Greenland, during the Holocene

Journal Article · Sat Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Quaternary Science Reviews

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.007· OSTI ID:1872295

^[1]; Briner, Jason P. ^[1]; Licciardi, Joseph M. ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; ^[1]; Young, Nicolás E. ^[5]; Schaefer, Joerg M. ^[5]; ^[6]

Univ. at Buffalo, NY (United States)
Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen (Denmark)
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Columbia Univ., Palisades, NY (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

The sensitivity of mountain glaciers to small-scale climate fluctuations makes records of their past extent among the best proxies for identifying spatio-temporal climate variability. Here we build on the few existing Holocene records of local glacier change in Greenland by using three independent geochronological methods—proglacial lake sediment analysis, cosmogenic ¹⁰Be surface-exposure dating, and in situ ¹⁴C burial modeling—to reconstruct continuous records of Holocene glacier variability on Nuussuaq, West Greenland. ¹⁰Be ages of perched boulders indicate eastern Nuussuaq was deglaciated between ~11.0 and 10.5 ka. Radiocarbon-dated sediments from two lakes on Nuussuaq contain mineral-rich layers between ~9.6 and 9.0 and ~8.7–8.0 cal ka BP that may be correlative with nearby ice sheet moraines deposited in the early Holocene. Multiple proxies for glacier size indicate frequent, high-amplitude glacier fluctuations superimposed on net glacier growth during the late Holocene, with significant ice expansion phases at ~3.7 ka, 2.8 ka, and throughout the past ~2 ka. Mean ¹⁰Be ages from five nested moraine crests confirm that local glacier extents on Nuussuaq culminated during both the Little Ice Age [~1470 C.E. (n=3) and 1750 C.E. (n=3)] and the preceding centuries (~520–1320 C.E.; n=11). Results reveal that local glaciers on Nuussuaq episodically advanced and retreated at centennial timescales throughout the Holocene, most likely in response to regional climate changes in West Greenland superimposed on the progressive insolation-driven cooling trend in the Northern Hemisphere. Our new ¹⁰Be moraine chronologies coupled with other glacier-size proxies corroborate an emerging pattern of significant summer cooling and glacier expansion in the centuries prior to the Little Ice Age in the Arctic.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Geographic Society; National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1872295

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-760292; 948950

Journal Information:: Quaternary Science Reviews, Journal Name: Quaternary Science Reviews Vol. 215; ISSN 0277-3791

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Using Cosmogenic ¹⁰Be Exposure Dating and Lichenometry to Constrain Holocene Glaciation in the Central Brooks Range, Alaska

Journal Article · Thu Jan 04 19:00:00 EST 2018 · Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research · OSTI ID:2229588

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Greenland
Holocene
cosmogenic 10Be
cosmogenic in situ 14C
lake sediment
mountain glaciers
neoglaciation

Multiple independent records of local glacier variability on Nuussuaq, West Greenland, during the Holocene

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