Deformation and Fracture Behaviors of Cylindrical Battery Shell During Thermal Runaway

Jia, Yikai; Darst, John; Surelia, Amul; Delafuente, David; Finegan, Donal P.; Xu, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231607

Deformation and Fracture Behaviors of Cylindrical Battery Shell During Thermal Runaway

Journal Article · 16 May 2022 · Journal of Power Sources

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231607· OSTI ID:1872206

Jia, Yikai; Darst, John; Surelia, Amul; Delafuente, David; ; Xu, Jun

Thermal runaway is one of the catastrophic failure modes of lithium-ion cells. During thermal runaway in cylindrical cells, sidewall shell rupture has been identified as a contributing factor for thermal runaway propagation in battery packs. Herein, the deformation and fracture behaviors of the battery shell during thermal runaway are investigated based on in-situ and ex-situ characterization as well as physics-based modeling. The deformation and fracture modes of the battery shell with/without Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sleeves are identified. In the simulation, the strain introduced by thermal expansion of the system is considered, as well as the thermal and strain rate effects on the plastic stage. The final cell shell modeling is validated by cell thermal runaway tests. Results reveal the quantitative relation between shell deformation behaviors and the pressure and temperature distribution. Both the experiment and model demonstrate the effectiveness of adding a tight-fitting CFRP sleeve around the cell in limiting the side-wall rupture of the shell. The use of CFRP tubes introduces a novel phenomenon in the context of uneven temperature distribution. Results shed light on the mechanistic analysis of a cell side-wall rupture during thermal runaway and provide essential guidance for the next-generation safe battery design.

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: University of North Carolina at Charlotte; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

DOE Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1872206

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5700-83158; MainId:83931; UUID:2d4bb979-b65b-474b-bb53-b211c9f3ca58; MainAdminID:64660

Journal Information:: Journal of Power Sources, Journal Name: Journal of Power Sources Vol. 539

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Deformation and Fracture Behaviors of Cylindrical Battery Shell During Thermal Runaway

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