Lattice Resonances of Nanohole Arrays for Quantum Enhanced Sensing

Sanders, Stephen; Dowran, Mohammadjavad; Jain, Umang; Lu, Tzu-Ming; Marino, Alberto M.; Manjavacas, Alejandro

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.17.014035

Lattice Resonances of Nanohole Arrays for Quantum Enhanced Sensing

Journal Article · Tue Jan 25 23:00:00 EST 2022 · Physical Review Applied

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.17.014035· OSTI ID:1870443

^[1]; Dowran, Mohammadjavad ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[2]; ^[4]

Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid (Spain)

We report periodic arrays of nanoholes perforated in metallic thin films interact strongly with light and produce large electromagnetic near-field enhancements in their vicinity. As a result, the optical response of these systems is very sensitive to changes in their dielectric environment, thus making them an exceptional platform for the development of compact optical sensors. Given that these systems already operate at the shot-noise limit when used as optical sensors, their sensing capabilities can be enhanced beyond this limit by probing them with quantum light, such as squeezed or entangled states. Motivated by this goal, here, we present a comparative theoretical analysis of the quantum enhanced sensing capabilities of metallic nanohole arrays with one and two holes per unit cell. Through a detailed investigation of their optical response, we find that the two-hole array supports resonances that are narrower and stronger than its one-hole counterpart, and therefore have a higher fundamental sensitivity limit as defined by the quantum Cramer-Rao bound. We validate the optical response of the analyzed arrays with experimental measurements of the reflectance of representative samples. The results of this work advance our understanding of the optical response of these systems and pave the way for developing sensing platforms capable of taking full advantage of the resources offered by quantum states of light.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); MCIN/AEI/10

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 1870443

Report Number(s):: SAND2022-1336J; 704390

Journal Information:: Physical Review Applied, Journal Name: Physical Review Applied Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 17; ISSN 2331-7019

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Lattice Resonances of Nanohole Arrays for Quantum Enhanced Sensing

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