Simulation and experimental study of proton bunch self-modulation in plasma with linear density gradients

Morales Guzmán, P.  I.; Muggli, P.; Agnello, R.; Ahdida, C.  C.; Aladi, M.; Amoedo Goncalves, M.  C.; Andrebe, Y.; Apsimon, O.; Apsimon, R.; Bachmann, A. -M.; Baistrukov, M.  A.; Batsch, F.; Bergamaschi, M.; Blanchard, P.; Braunmüller, F.; Burrows, P.  N.; Buttenschön, B.; Caldwell, A.; Chappell, J.; Chevallay, E.; Chung, M.; Cooke, D.  A.; Damerau, H.; Davut, C.; Demeter, G.; Dexter, A.; Doebert, S.; Farmer, J.; Fasoli, A.; Fedosseev, V.  N.; Fiorito, R.; Fonseca, R.  A.; Furno, I.; Gessner, S.; Gorn, A.  A.; Granados, E.; Granetzny, M.; Graubner, T.; Grulke, O.; Gschwendtner, E.; Guran, E.  D.; Hafych, V.; Henderson, J.  R.; Hüther, M.; Kedves, M.  Á.; Khudyakov, V.; Kim, S. -Y.; Kraus, F.; Krupa, M.; Lefevre, T.; Liang, L.; Lopes, N.; Lotov, K.  V.; Martyanov, M.; Mazzoni, S.; Medina Godoy, D.; Moody, J.  T.; Moon, K.; Moreira, M.; Nechaeva, T.; Nowak, E.; Pakuza, C.; Panuganti, H.; Pardons, A.; Perera, A.; Pucek, J.; Pukhov, A.; Ráczkevi, B.; Ramjiawan, R.  L.; Rey, S.; Schmitz, O.; Senes, E.; Silva, L.  O.; Stollberg, C.; Sublet, A.; Topaloudis, A.; Torrado, N.; Tuev, P.  V.; Turner, M.; Velotti, F.; Verra, L.; Vieira, J.; Vincke, H.; Welsch, C.  P.; Wendt, M.; Wing, M.; Wolfenden, J.; Woolley, B.; Xia, G.; Zepp, M.; Zevi Della Porta, G.

doi:10.1103/physrevaccelbeams.24.101301

Simulation and experimental study of proton bunch self-modulation in plasma with linear density gradients

Journal Article · Fri Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Physical Review Accelerators and Beams

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevaccelbeams.24.101301· OSTI ID:1870020

; Muggli, P.; Agnello, R.; Ahdida, C. C.; Aladi, M.; Amoedo Goncalves, M. C.; Andrebe, Y.; Apsimon, O.; Apsimon, R.; Bachmann, A. -M.; Baistrukov, M. A.; Batsch, F.; Bergamaschi, M.; Blanchard, P.; Braunmüller, F.; Burrows, P. N.; Buttenschön, B.; Caldwell, A.; Chappell, J.; Chevallay, E. more »

We present numerical simulations and experimental results of the self-modulation of a long proton bunch in a plasma with linear density gradients along the beam path. Simulation results agree with the experimental results reported [F. Braunmller, T. Nechaeva et al. (AWAKE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 264801 (2020)]: with negative gradients, the charge of the modulated bunch is lower than with positive gradients. In addition, the bunch modulation frequency varies with gradient. Simulation results show that dephasing of the wakefields with respect to the relativistic protons along the plasma is the main cause for the loss of charge. The study of the modulation frequency reveals details about the evolution of the self-modulation process along the plasma. In particular for negative gradients, the modulation frequency across time-resolved images of the bunch indicates the position along the plasma where protons leave the wakefields. Simulations and experimental results are in excellent agreement.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Contributing Organization:: AWAKE Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1870020

Journal Information:: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, Journal Name: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 24; ISSN 2469-9888

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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