The diffractive contribution to deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering: Implications for QCD momentum sum rules and parton distributions

Journal Article · Thu Dec 02 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Physics Letters. B

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136801· OSTI ID:1869901

Brodsky, Stanley J. ^[1]; Lyubovitskij, Valery E. ^[2]; Schmidt, Ivan ^[3]

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1. Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
2. Univ. of Tubingen (Germany); Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso (Chile); Millennium Institute for Subatomic Physics at the High-Energy Frontier (SAPHIR) (Chile)
3. Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso (Chile)

The cross section for deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering (DIS) ℓp→ℓ'p'X includes a diffractive deep inelastic (DDIS) contribution ℓp→ℓ'p'X, in which the proton remains intact with a large longitudinal momentum fraction x_F greater than 0.9 and small transverse momentum. The DDIS events, which can be identified with Pomeron exchange in the t-channel, account for approximately 10% of all of the DIS events. Thus, when one measures DIS, one automatically includes the leading-twist Bjorken-scaling DDIS events as a contribution to the DIS cross section, whether or not the final-state proton p' is detected. In such events, the missing momentum fraction x_p'~0.9 carried by the final-state proton p' in the DDIS events could be misidentified with the light-front momentum fraction carried by sea quarks or gluons in the protons' Fock structure. As we shall show in this article, the underlying QCD Pomeron-exchange amplitude which produces the DDIS events does not obey the operator product expansion nor satisfy momentum sum rules. Thus we conclude that the quark and gluon distributions measured in DIS experiments will be misidentified, unless the measurements explicitly exclude the DDIS events and that a correct determination of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) derived from the DIS data requires the explicit subtraction of the DDIS contribution from the full DIS cross section.

• Research Organization: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: ANID PIA/APOYO (Chile); Chilean National Agency for Research and Development (ANID); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); Millennium Institute for Subatomic Physics at the High-Energy Frontier (SAPHIR); National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT) (Chile); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-76SF00515
• OSTI ID: 1869901
• Journal Information: Physics Letters. B, Journal Name: Physics Letters. B Vol. 824; ISSN 0370-2693
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Deep inelastic scattering
Diffractive deep inelastic scattering
Momentum sum rules
Parton distribution functions