Brown Carbon Fuel and Emission Source Attributions to Global Snow Darkening Effect

Brown, Hunter; Wang, Hailong; Flanner, Mark; Liu, Xiaohong; Singh, Balwinder; Zhang, Rudong; Yang, Yang; Wu, Mingxuan

doi:10.1029/2021ms002768

Brown Carbon Fuel and Emission Source Attributions to Global Snow Darkening Effect

Journal Article · Thu Apr 07 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ms002768· OSTI ID:1868042

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; ^[2]; Zhang, Rudong ^[2]; ^[5]; ^[2]

Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY (United States); Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)
Nanjing Univ. of Information Science and Technology (China)

Snow and ice albedo reduction due to deposition of absorbing particles (i.e., snow darkening effect (SDE)) warms the Earth system and is largely attributed to black carbon (BC) and dust. Absorbing organic aerosol (BrC) also contributes to SDE but has received less attention due to uncertainty and challenges in model representation. This work incorporates the SDE of absorbing organic aerosol (BrC) from biomass burning and biofuel sources into the Snow Ice and Aerosol Radiative (SNICAR) model within a variant of the Community Earth System Model (CESM). Additionally, 12 different emission regions of BrC and BC from biomass burning and biofuel sources are tagged to quantify the relative contribution to global and regional SDE. BrC global SDE (0.021–0.056 Wm^-2) is larger than other model estimates, corresponding to 37%–98% of the SDE from BC. When compared to observations, BrC simulations have a range in median bias (-2.5% to +21%), with better agreement in the simulations that include BrC photochemical bleaching. The largest relative contributions to global BrC SDE are traced to Northern Asia (23%–31%), Southeast Asia (16%–21%), and South Africa (13%–17%). Transport from Southeast Asia contributes nearly half of the regional BrC SDE in Antarctica (0.084–0.3 Wm^-2), which is the largest regional input to global BrC SDE. Lower latitude BrC SDE is correlated with snowmelt, in-snow BrC concentrations, and snow cover fraction, while polar BrC SDE is correlated with surface insolation and snowmelt. This indicates the importance of in-snow processes and snow feedbacks on modeled BrC SDE.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF); US Department of Agriculture

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1868042

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-165723

Journal Information:: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Journal Name: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 14; ISSN 1942-2466

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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