Active microbial biomass decreases, but microbial growth potential remains similar across soil depth profiles under deeply-vs. shallow-rooted plants

Min, Kyungjin; Slessarev, Eric; Kan, Megan; McFarlane, Karis; Oerter, Erik; Pett-Ridge, Jennifer; Nuccio, Erin; Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108401

Title: Active microbial biomass decreases, but microbial growth potential remains similar across soil depth profiles under deeply-vs. shallow-rooted plants

Journal Article · Tue Aug 31 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Soil Biology and Biochemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108401· OSTI ID:1867100

^[1];

^[2]; Kan, Megan ^[2]; McFarlane, Karis ^[2];

^[2]; Pett-Ridge, Jennifer ^[3]; Nuccio, Erin ^[2]; Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw ^[4]

Univ. of California, Merced, CA (United States); Korea Advanced Inst. Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Merced, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Merced, CA (United States)

Climate-smart land management practices that replace shallow-rooted annual crop systems with deeply-rooted perennial plants can contribute to soil carbon sequestration. However, deep soil carbon accrual may be influenced by active microbial biomass and their capacity to assimilate fresh carbon at depth. Incorporating active microbial biomass, dormancy, and growth in microbially-explicit models can improve our ability to predict soil's capacity to store carbon. But, so far, the microbial parameters that are needed for such modeling are poorly constrained, especially in deep soil layers. Here, we used a lab incubation experiment and growth kinetics model to estimate how microbial parameters vary along 240 cm of soil depth in profiles under shallow- (soy) and deeply-rooted (switchgrass) plants 11 years after plant cover conversion. We also assessed resource origin and availability (total organic carbon, ¹⁴C, extractable organic carbon, specific UV absorbance of K₂SO₄ extractable organic C, total nitrogen, total dissolved nitrogen) along the soil profiles to examine associations between soil chemical and biological parameters. Even though root biomass was greater and rooting depth was deeper under switchgrass than soy, resource availability and microbial growth parameters were generally similar between vegetation types. Instead, depth significantly influenced soil chemical and biological parameters. For example, resource availability and total and relative active microbial biomass decreased with soil depth. Decreases in the relative active microbial biomass coincided with increased lag time (response time to external carbon inputs) along the soil profiles. Even at a depth of 210–240 cm, microbial communities were activated to grow by added resources within a day. Maximum specific growth rate decreased to a depth of 90 cm and then remained consistent in deeper layers. Our findings show that >10 years of vegetation and rooting depth changes may not be long enough to alter microbial growth parameters, and suggest that at least a portion of the microbial community in deep soils can grow rapidly in response to added resources. Our study determined microbial growth parameters that can be used in microbially-explicit models to simulate carbon dynamics in deep soil layers.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); University of California Merced Chancellor’s Fellowship

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; NRF-2018R1A5A7025409

OSTI ID:: 1867100

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-814138; 1022518

Journal Information:: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Vol. 162, Issue N/A; ISSN 0038-0717

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Active microbial biomass decreases, but microbial growth potential remains similar across soil depth profiles under deeply-vs. shallow-rooted plants

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