Thermophysical Properties Experimentally Tested for NaCl-KCl-MgCl2 Eutectic Molten Salt as a Next-Generation High-Temperature Heat Transfer Fluids in Concentrated Solar Power Systems

Wang, Xiaoxin; Rincon, Jesus Del; Li, Peiwen; Zhao, Youyang; Vidal, Judith

doi:10.1115/1.4049253

Thermophysical Properties Experimentally Tested for NaCl-KCl-MgCl₂ Eutectic Molten Salt as a Next-Generation High-Temperature Heat Transfer Fluids in Concentrated Solar Power Systems

Journal Article · Sun Jan 10 23:00:00 EST 2021 · Journal of Solar Energy Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4049253· OSTI ID:1866380

Wang, Xiaoxin ^[1]; Rincon, Jesus Del ^[1]; Li, Peiwen ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]

Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

A new eutectic chloride molten salt, MgCl₂-KCl-NaCl (wt% 45.98–38.91–15.11), has been recognized as one of the most promising high-temperature heat transfer fluids (HTF) for both heat transfer and thermal storage for the third-generation concentrated solar power (CSP) systems. For the first time, some essential thermophysical properties of this eutectic chloride molten salt needed for basic heat transfer and energy storage analysis in the application of concentrating solar power systems have been experimentally tested and provided as functions of temperature in the range from 450 °C to 700 °C. The studied properties include heat capacity, melting point, heat of fusion, viscosity, vapor pressure, density, and thermal conductivity. The property equations provide essential database for engineers to use to calculate convective heat transfer in concentrated solar receivers, heat exchangers, and thermal storage for concentrated solar power plants.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Solar Energy Technologies Office (EE-4S)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1866380

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5500-77437; MainId:27373; UUID:8009a72f-2fa4-4cf8-b42f-2d751ef6280a; MainAdminID:64434

Journal Information:: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Journal Name: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 143; ISSN 0199-6231

Publisher:: ASMECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (27)

New density measurements on carbonate liquids and the partial molar volume of the CaCO 3 component Liu, Qiong; Lange, Rebecca A. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 146, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-003-0505-7	journal	December 2003
Feasibility study of Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) power plant integration with Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage (ACAES) Wojcik, Jacek D.; Wang, Jihong Applied Energy, Vol. 221 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.089	journal	July 2018
FactSage thermochemical software and databases, 2010–2016 Bale, C. W.; Bélisle, E.; Chartrand, P. Calphad, Vol. 54 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2016.05.002	journal	September 2016
Thermal Storage Concept for Solar Thermal Power Plants with Direct Steam Generation Seitz, M.; Cetin, P.; Eck, M. Energy Procedia, Vol. 49 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.107	journal	January 2014
A Comparison of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle Configurations with an Emphasis on CSP Applications Neises, T.; Turchi, C. Energy Procedia, Vol. 49 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.128	journal	January 2014
Physicochemical properties of ZnCl2–NaCl–KCl eutectic melt Nitta, Koji; Nohira, Toshiyuki; Hagiwara, Rika Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 54, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.03.079	journal	August 2009
Assessment of a novel ternary eutectic chloride salt for next generation high-temperature sensible heat storage Mohan, Gowtham; Venkataraman, Mahesh; Gomez-Vidal, Judith Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 167 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.04.100	journal	July 2018
Thermophysical properties of (diphenyl ether+biphenyl) mixtures for their use as heat transfer fluids Cabaleiro, D.; Pastoriza-Gallego, M. J.; Piñeiro, M. M. The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Vol. 50 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2012.02.001	journal	July 2012
A current perspective on the accuracy of incoming solar energy forecasting Blaga, Robert; Sabadus, Andreea; Stefu, Nicoleta Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 70 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2018.10.003	journal	January 2019
Increasing the efficiency of PV panel with the use of PCM Stropnik, Rok; Stritih, Uroš Renewable Energy, Vol. 97 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.06.011	journal	November 2016
A review on global solar energy policy Solangi, K. H.; Islam, M. R.; Saidur, R. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 15, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.01.007	journal	May 2011
Photovoltaic solar energy: Conceptual framework Sampaio, Priscila Gonçalves Vasconcelos; González, Mario Orestes Aguirre Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 74 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.02.081	journal	July 2017
Review of commercial thermal energy storage in concentrated solar power plants: Steam vs. molten salts González-Roubaud, Edouard; Pérez-Osorio, David; Prieto, Cristina Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 80 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.084	journal	December 2017
Novel approaches and recent developments on potential applications of phase change materials in solar energy Pandey, A. K.; Hossain, M. S.; Tyagi, V. V. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 82 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.09.043	journal	February 2018
Institutional cooking with solar energy: A review Indora, Sunil; Kandpal, Tara C. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 84 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.12.001	journal	March 2018
Effect of foreign direct investments, economic development and energy consumption on greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries Sarkodie, Samuel Asumadu; Strezov, Vladimir Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 646 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.365	journal	January 2019
Survey and evaluation of equations for thermophysical properties of binary/ternary eutectic salts from NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, ZnCl2 for heat transfer and thermal storage fluids in CSP Li, Yuanyuan; Xu, Xiankun; Wang, Xiaoxin Solar Energy, Vol. 152 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.03.019	journal	August 2017
Basic properties of eutectic chloride salts NaCl-KCl-ZnCl2 and NaCl-KCl-MgCl2 as HTFs and thermal storage media measured using simultaneous DSC-TGA Xu, Xiankun; Dehghani, Ghazal; Ning, Juexiao Solar Energy, Vol. 162 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.067	journal	March 2018
Potential scalability of a cost-effective purification method for MgCl2-Containing salts for next-generation concentrating solar power technologies Zhao, Youyang; Vidal, Judith Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 215 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110663	journal	September 2020
Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials Carrillo, Alfonso J.; González-Aguilar, José; Romero, Manuel Chemical Reviews, Vol. 119, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00315	journal	March 2019
Determination and evaluation of the thermophysical properties of an alkali carbonate eutectic molten salt An, Xuehui; Cheng, Jinhui; Zhang, Peng Faraday Discussions, Vol. 190 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5FD00236B	journal	January 2016
Vapor Pressures of Zinc Chloride and Zinc Bromide and Their Gaseous Dimerization Keneshea, F. J.; Cubicciotti, Daniel The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 40, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1724860	journal	January 1964
The Thermal Stability of Molten Lithium–Sodium–Potassium Carbonate and the Influence of Additives on the Melting Point Olivares, Rene I.; Chen, Chunlin; Wright, Steven Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Vol. 134, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4006895	journal	June 2012
Thermal and Transport Properties of NaCl–KCl–ZnCl2 Eutectic Salts for New Generation High-Temperature Heat-Transfer Fluids Li, Peiwen; Molina, Edgar; Wang, Kai Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Vol. 138, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4033793	journal	June 2016
Experimental Test of Properties of KCl–MgCl2 Eutectic Molten Salt for Heat Transfer and Thermal Storage Fluid in Concentrated Solar Power Systems Xu, Xiankun; Wang, Xiaoxin; Li, Peiwen Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Vol. 140, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4040065	journal	May 2018
Experimental Investigation to the Properties of Eutectic Salts by NaCl-KCl-ZnCl2 for Application as High Temperature Heat Transfer Fluids Wang, Kai; Molina, Edgar; Dehghani, Ghazal ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, Volume 1: Combined Energy Cycles, CHP, CCHP, and Smart Grids; Concentrating Solar Power, Solar Thermochemistry and Thermal Energy Storage; Geothermal, Ocean, and Emerging Energy Technologies; Hydrogen Energy Technologies; Low/Zero Emission Power Plants and Carbon Sequestration; Photovoltaics; Wind Energy Systems and Technologies https://doi.org/10.1115/ES2014-6578	conference	October 2014
Exergy and Thermoeconomic Analyses of Central Receiver Concentrated Solar Plants Using Air as Heat Transfer Fluid Toro, Claudia; Rocco, Matteo; Colombo, Emanuela Energies, Vol. 9, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.3390/en9110885	journal	October 2016

Similar Records

Basic properties of eutectic chloride salts NaCl-KCl-ZnCl₂ and NaCl-KCl-MgCl₂ as HTFs and thermal storage media measured using simultaneous DSC-TGA

Journal Article · Mon Feb 12 23:00:00 EST 2018 · Solar Energy · OSTI ID:1538838

Ab-initio molecular dynamics study of eutectic chloride salt: MgCl2–NaCl–KCl

Journal Article · Fri Jul 26 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Frontiers in Nuclear Engineering · OSTI ID:2406702

Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY
CSP
MgCl2-KCl-NaCl
energy
eutectic chloride molten salt
heat transfer
heat-transfer fluid
materials
solar
testing
thermophysical properties

Thermophysical Properties Experimentally Tested for NaCl-KCl-MgCl2 Eutectic Molten Salt as a Next-Generation High-Temperature Heat Transfer Fluids in Concentrated Solar Power Systems

Citation Formats

References (27)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Thermophysical Properties Experimentally Tested for NaCl-KCl-MgCl₂ Eutectic Molten Salt as a Next-Generation High-Temperature Heat Transfer Fluids in Concentrated Solar Power Systems